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【结 构 式】 
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【分子编号】13573 【品名】2,6-Dichloropyridine 【CA登记号】2402-78-0 |
【 分 子 式 】C5H3Cl2N 【 分 子 量 】147.99096 【元素组成】C 40.58% H 2.04% Cl 47.91% N 9.46% |
合成路线1
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)2,6-Dichloropyridine (I) reacts with sodium hydrogen sulfide yielding 6-chloro-2-mercaptopyridine sodium salt (II). The thioether (III) is formed through reaction of 4-chloro-N-methylpiperidine with (II). Cleavage of the N-methyl group is achieved by condensation of (III) with ethyl chloroformate followed by acidic hydrolysis.
| 【1】 Engel, J.; Jacovlev, V.; Nickel, B.; Scheffler, G.; Thiemer, K. (Degussa-Hüls AG); New pyridine-2-ethers and pyridine-2-thioethers having a nitrogen-containing cycloaliphatic ring. DE 3443968; EP 0149088; ES 8607014; GB 2152048; JP 1985169476; US 4643995 . |
| 【2】 Szelenyi, I.; Engel, J.; Scheffler, G.; Nickel, B.; Thiemer, K.; Tibes, U.; Werner, U.; ANPIRTOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE < Rec INNM >. Drugs Fut 1989, 14, 7, 614. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 20947 | 6-Chloropyridine-2-thiol sodium salt | C5H3ClNNaS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 20948 | 6-chloro-2-pyridinyl 1-methyl-4-piperidinyl sulfide; 4-[(6-chloro-2-pyridinyl)sulfanyl]-1-methylpiperidine | C11H15ClN2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 20949 | 4-Chloro-1-methylpiperidine; 4-Chloro-N-methylpiperidine; N-methyl-4-chloropiperidine | 55770-77-4 | C6H12ClN | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 20950 | ethyl 4-[(6-chloro-2-pyridinyl)sulfanyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylate | C13H17ClN2O2S | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)D 7175 can be obtained in a 5-step synthesis starting from 2,e-dichloropyridine (I). Compound (I) is nitrated with HNO3/H2SO4 yielding 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (II). Subsequent reaction with ammonia and benzylamine leads to 2-amino-3-nitro-6-benzylaminopyridine (IV), which is hydrogenated using Raney Nickel as catalyst te the corresponding 3-amino derivative (V), which reacts without isolation with ethyl chloroformiate to D-7175.
| 【1】 Bebengurg, W.; Engek, J.; Heese, J.; Thiele, K. (Degussa AG); 2-Amino-3-acylamino-6-benzylaminopyridine derivatives having antiepileptic action. DE 3337593 . |
| 【2】 Molliere, M.; Engel, J.; Emig, P.; D-7175. Drugs Fut 1988, 13, 1, 22. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15147 | Benzylamine; Phenylmethanamine | 100-46-9 | C7H9N | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 13574 | 2,6-Dichloro-3-nitropyridine | 16013-85-7 | C5H2Cl2N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 13575 | 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinamine; 2-Amino-6-chloro-3-nitropyridine; 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinylamine | 27048-04-0 | C5H4ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 21572 | N(6)-benzyl-3-nitro-2,6-pyridinediamine | C12H12N4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 21573 | 2-amino-6-(benzylamino)-3-pyridinylamine | C12H14N4 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)D-19050 can be obtained in a 5-step synthesis starting from 2,6-dichloropyridine (I): Compound (I) is nitrated with HNO3/H2SO4 yielding 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (II). Subsequent reaction with ammonia and 4-fluorobenzylamine leads to 2-amino-3-nitro-6-(4-fluorobenzylamino)pyridine (IV), which is hydrogenated using Raney Nickel as catalyst to the corresponding 3-amino derivative (V). This is not isolated, but reacted with (prop-1-en-3-yl)chloroformate to give D-19050.
| 【1】 Engel, J.; Emig, P.; Szelenyi, I.; Nickel, B.; Weischer, K.H.; D-19050. Drugs Fut 1989, 14, 6, 511. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31095 | 4-fluorobenzylamine; (4-fluorophenyl)methanamine | 140-75-0 | C7H8FN | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 13574 | 2,6-Dichloro-3-nitropyridine | 16013-85-7 | C5H2Cl2N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 13575 | 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinamine; 2-Amino-6-chloro-3-nitropyridine; 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinylamine | 27048-04-0 | C5H4ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 13576 | N(6)-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-nitro-2,6-pyridinediamine; N-(6-Amino-5-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)amine | C12H11FN4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 13577 | N(6)-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-2,3,6-pyridinetriamine; 2-Amino-6-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-3-pyridinylamine | C12H13FN4 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)D-19274 can be obtained in a 6-step synthesis starting from 2,6-dichloropyridine (I). Compound (I) is nitrated with HNO3/H2SO4 yielding 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (II). Subsequent reaction with ammonia and 4-fluorobenzylamine leads to 2-amino-3-nitro-6-(4-fluorobenzylamino)pyridine (IV), which is hydrogenated using Raney Nickel as catalyst to the corresponding 3-amino derivative (V), which reacts with 2-bromoethyl chloroformate to 2-bromoethyl [N-(2-amino-6-(4-fluorobenzylamino)pyridin-3-yl)]carbamate hydrochloride (VI). (VI) is then treated with excess NaOH at 35 C, followed by treatment with isopropanol HCl to give the desired D-19274.
| 【1】 Engel, J.; Emig, P.; Nickel, B.; Szelenyi, I. (Asta Medica AG); 3-(N-heterocyclyl)-2,6-diaminopyridines and N-oxides, their preparation and their use as medicines. DE 3915184; EP 0343429; JP 1990017186; US 4923858 . |
| 【2】 Emig, P.; Engel, J.; Nickel, B.; Szelenyi, I.; Werner, U.; D-19274. Drugs Fut 1990, 15, 3, 223. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31095 | 4-fluorobenzylamine; (4-fluorophenyl)methanamine | 140-75-0 | C7H8FN | 详情 | 详情 | |
| 63775 | 1-bromo-2-[(chlorocarbonyl)oxy]ethane | C3H4BrClO2 | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 13574 | 2,6-Dichloro-3-nitropyridine | 16013-85-7 | C5H2Cl2N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 13575 | 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinamine; 2-Amino-6-chloro-3-nitropyridine; 6-Chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinylamine | 27048-04-0 | C5H4ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 13576 | N(6)-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-3-nitro-2,6-pyridinediamine; N-(6-Amino-5-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)amine | C12H11FN4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 13577 | N(6)-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-2,3,6-pyridinetriamine; 2-Amino-6-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-3-pyridinylamine | C12H13FN4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 13578 | 2-bromoethyl 2-amino-6-[(4-fluorobenzyl)amino]-3-pyridinylcarbamate | C15H16BrFN4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线5
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)The reaction of 2,6-dichloropyridine (I) with BuLi and CO2 in THF gives 2,6-dichloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid (II) (1), which by reaction with refluxing SOCl2 yields the acyl chloride (III). The reaction of (III) with malonic ester by means of magnesium ethoxide in ethyl ether affords the nicotinoylacetic ester (IV), which is condensed with thiazol-2-amine (V) and triethylorthoformate by means of acetic anhydride providing the nicotinoyl acrylate (VI). The cyclization of (VI) by means of K2CO3 in hot dioxane gives the 7-chloro-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (VII), which is condensed with the chiral pyrrolidine (VIII) by means of triethylamine yielding the proteted intermediate (IX). Finally, this compound is deprotected and hydrolyzed with hot aqueous HCl.
| 【1】 Tomita, K.; et al.; Synthesis and antitumor activity of novel 7-substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids. 217th ACS Natl Meet (March 21 1999, Anaheim) 1999, Abst MEDI 249. |
| 【2】 Tomita, K.; Chiba, K.; Kashimoto, S.; Shibamori, K.; Tsuzuki, Y. (Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.); Novel cpd., process for producing the same, and antitumor agent. EP 0787726; US 5817669; WO 9534559 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16829 | Diethyl malonate | 105-53-3 | C7H12O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 26644 | 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid | 38496-18-3 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 26645 | 2,6-dichloronicotinoyl chloride | C6H2Cl3NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 26646 | ethyl 3-(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridinyl)-3-oxopropanoate | C10H9Cl2NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 19795 | 2-Thiazolamine; 1,3-thiazol-2-amine; 1,3-thiazol-2-ylamine | 96-50-4 | C3H4N2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VI) | 26647 | ethyl (Z)-2-[(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridinyl)carbonyl]-3-(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)-2-propenoate | C14H11Cl2N3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 26648 | ethyl 7-chloro-4-oxo-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylate | C14H10ClN3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 26649 | tert-butyl (3S,4S)-4-methoxypyrrolidinyl(methyl)carbamate | C11H22N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 26650 | ethyl 7-[(3S,4S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino]-4-methoxypyrrolidinyl]-4-oxo-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylate | C25H31N5O6S | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线6
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)2,6-Dichloropyridine (I) was nitrated with HNO3 and H2SO4 to give nitropyridine (II). Substitution of the 2-chloro atom of (II) with cuprous cyanide at 180 C afforded nitrile (III). The remaining 6-chloro atom of (III) was then substituted with N-methyl-3,4-dimethoxyaniline (IV) in monoethyl glycol in the presence of pyridine to provide diaryl amine (V). The nitro group of (V) was further reduced with iron powder and HCl yielding the 3-amino derivative (VI). Finally, cyclization of (VI) with chloroformamidine hydrochloride (VII) in dimethylsulfone at 140 C produced the target pyridopyrimidine.
| 【1】 Gangjee, A.; Zhu, Y.; Queener, S.F.; 6-Substituted 2,4-diaminopyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine analogues of piritrexim as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from rat liver, Pneumocystis carinii, and Toxoplasma gondii and as antitumor agents. J Med Chem 1998, 41, 23, 4533. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 13574 | 2,6-Dichloro-3-nitropyridine | 16013-85-7 | C5H2Cl2N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 29206 | 6-chloro-3-nitro-2-pyridinecarbonitrile | C6H2ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 29207 | 3,4-dimethoxy-N-methylaniline | C9H13NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 29208 | 6-[3,4-dimethoxy(methyl)anilino]-3-nitro-2-pyridinecarbonitrile | C15H14N4O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 29209 | 3-amino-6-[3,4-dimethoxy(methyl)anilino]-2-pyridinecarbonitrile | C15H16N4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 29210 | chloroformamidine | CH3ClN2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线7
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XVII)The precursor 4-bromo-2,6-diethylpyridine (V) can be prepared by several methods. Condensation of 3-oxoglutaric acid (XIII) with propionic anhydride (XIV) in the presence of H2SO4, followed by cyclization with HCl at 100 °C leads to 2,6-diethyl-4-pyranone (XV). Subsequent treatment of pyranone (XV) with NH4OH at 50 °C yields 2,6-diethyl-4-pyridinol (XVI) , which is finally brominated with PBr5 in CHCl3 or POBr3 in DMF at 120 °C .
Alternatively, substitution of 2,6-dichloropyridine (XVII) with ethylmagnesium bromide (XVIII) in the presence of NiCl2(dppp) in Et2O gives 2,6-diethylpyridine (XIX), which can also be obtained by Wolff- Kishner reduction of 2,6-diacetylpyridine (XX) with NH2NH2 in the presence of NaOH in diethylene glycol at 120 °C. Oxidation of 2,6-diethylpyridine (XIX) with mCPBA in CHCl3, followed by nitration of the resulting 2,6-diethylpyridine-1-oxide (XXI) with HNO3 and H2SO4 at 90 °C provides the 4-nitro derivative (XXII). Substitution of nitropyridine (XXII) using AcBr in AcOH at 90 °C affords 4-bromo-2,6-diethylpyridin-1-oxide (XXIII), which is finally reduced with PBr3 in CH2Cl2 .
| 【1】 Gonzalez, J., Jewell, T.M., Li, H., Linton, A., Tatlock, J.H. (Pfizer, Inc.; Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). Inhibitors of hepatitis C virus RNAdependent RNA polymerase, and compositions and treatments using the same. EP 1781662, JP 2008509984, US 2006122399, US 7151105, US 8268835, WO 2006018725. |
| 【2】 Li, H., Tatlock, J., Linton, A. et al. Discovery of (R)-6-cyclopentyl-6-(2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl)-3-((5,7-dimethyl-(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one (PF-00868554) as a potent and orally available hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor. J Med Chem 2009, 52(5): 1255-8. |
| 【3】 Johnson, S., Drowns, M., Tatlock, J. et al. Synthetic route optimization of PF-00868554, an HCV polymerase inhibitor in clinical evaluation. Synlett 2010(5): 796-800. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (V) | 68333 | 4-bromo-2,6-diethylpyridine | 877133-54-5 | C9H12BrN | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIII) | 15530 | 1,3-Acetonedicarboxylic Acid; 3-Oxopentanedioic acid；3-oxoglutaric acid | 542-05-2 | C5H6O5 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIV) | 20095 | propionic anhydride | 123-62-6 | C6H10O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XV) | 68342 | 2,6-diethyl-4H-pyran-4-one | C9H12O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 68343 | 2,6-diethyl-4-pyridinol;2,6-diethylpyridin-4-ol | C9H13NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVIII) | 24239 | bromo(ethyl)magnesium；ethylmagnesium bromide | 925-90-6 | C2H5BrMg | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIX) | 68344 | 2,6-diethylpyridine | 935-28-4 | C9H13N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XX) | 48515 | 2,6-Diacetylpyridine | 1129-30-2 | C9H9NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXI) | 68345 | 2,6-diethylpyridine-1-oxide | C9H13NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXII) | 68346 | 2,6-diethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide | C9H12N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIII) | 68347 | 4-bromo-2,6-diethylpyridin-1-oxide | C9H12BrNO | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线8
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)Treatment of 2,6-dichloropyridine (I) with butyllithium in THF followed by quenching with CO2 affords 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid (II) . After chlorination with boiling SOCl2, the resulting acid chloride (IIIa) is condensed with diethyl malonate by means of magnesium ethoxide in Et2O to give the nicotinoyl acetate (IV) . Alternatively, activation of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid (II) with CDI provides imidazolide (IIIb) which, without isolation, is condensed with the potassium salt of diethyl malonate in the presence of MgCl2 and Et3N to yield the keto ester (IV) . Treatment of compound (IV) with triethylorthoformate and acetic anhydride followed by reaction with 2-aminothiazole (V) gives the enamino ester (VI), which is cyclized to the 1,8-naphthyridine derivative (VII) upon heating with K2CO3 in dioxane . Condensation of chloronaphthyridine (VII) with the chiral pyrrolidine (VIII) by means of triethylamine in acetonitrile yields the protected voreloxin (IX), which is finally hydrolyzed with hot aqueous HCl . In a related method, chloronaphthyridine (VII) is coupled with the unprotected pyrrolidine (X) to afford voreloxin ethyl ester (XI), which is finally hydrolyzed with NaOH in H2O/EtOH .
| 【1】 Tomita, K. et al. Synthesis and antitumor activity of novel 7-substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids. 217th ACS Natl Meet (March 21-25, Anaheim) 1999, Abst MEDI 249. |
| 【2】 Tomita, K., Chiba, K., Kashimoto, S., Shibamori, K., Tsuzuki, Y. (Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.). Novel compound, process for producing the same, and antitumor agent. EP 0787726, US 5817669, WO 1995034559. |
| 【3】 Tsuzuki, Y., Tomita, K., Shibamori, K.-I., Sato, Y., Kashimoto, S., Chiba, K. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 7-substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(2-thiazolyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids as antitumor agents. Part 2. J Med Chem 2004, 47(8): 2097-109. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (IIIa) | 26645 | 2,6-dichloronicotinoyl chloride | C6H2Cl3NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 13573 | 2,6-Dichloropyridine | 2402-78-0 | C5H3Cl2N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 26644 | 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid | 38496-18-3 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 26646 | ethyl 3-(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridinyl)-3-oxopropanoate | C10H9Cl2NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 19795 | 2-Thiazolamine; 1,3-thiazol-2-amine; 1,3-thiazol-2-ylamine | 96-50-4 | C3H4N2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VI) | 26647 | ethyl (Z)-2-[(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridinyl)carbonyl]-3-(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)-2-propenoate | C14H11Cl2N3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 26648 | ethyl 7-chloro-4-oxo-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylate | C14H10ClN3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 26649 | tert-butyl (3S,4S)-4-methoxypyrrolidinyl(methyl)carbamate | C11H22N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 26650 | ethyl 7-[(3S,4S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino]-4-methoxypyrrolidinyl]-4-oxo-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylate | C25H31N5O6S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 69211 | (3S,4S)-4-methoxy-N-methylpyrrolidin-3-amine compound with 1-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzene (1:2) | C6H14N2O.2C8H10O2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 69210 | ethyl 7-((3S,4S)-3-methoxy-4-(methylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1-(thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylate | C20H23N5O4S | 详情 | 详情 |