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【结 构 式】 
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【分子编号】12714 【品名】diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite 【CA登记号】762-04-9 |
【 分 子 式 】C4H11O3P 【 分 子 量 】138.103302 【元素组成】C 34.79% H 8.03% O 34.76% P 22.43% |
合成路线1
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(A)3) By reaction of 4-methoxybenzylamine (I) with methyl isothiocyanate (B) in ether to yield N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N'-methylthiourea (III), which is then methylated with MeI in refluxing methanol affording N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N',S-dimethylisothiourea (IV). Finally, this compound is treated first with methylamine in refluxing methanol and then with H2SO4.
| 【1】 Castaner, J.; Loren, J.G.; Cefoxitin. Drugs Fut 1978, 3, 6, 434. |
| 【2】 Christensen, B.G.; Ratcliffe, R.W.; Total synthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics. I. alpha-Thioformamido-diethylphosphonioacetates. Tetrahedron Lett 1973, 46, 4645-48. |
| 【3】 Christensen, B.G.; Ratcliffe, R.W.; Total synthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics. II. (rac)-Cephalotin. Tetrahedron Lett 1973, 46, 4649-52. |
| 【4】 Christensen, B.G.; Ratcliffe, R.W. (Merck & Co., Inc.); 7-Azido-cephalosporin compounds and their preparation. DE 2365406; FR 2182953; GB 1424373; JP 49014488 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (B) | 10498 | Benzaldehyde;Benzoic aldehyde;Phenylmethanal | 100-52-7 | C7H6O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (A) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (I) | 39815 | 1,3,5-tribenzyl-1,3,5-triazinane | 2547-66-2 | C24H27N3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 39816 | diethyl (benzylamino)methylphosphonate | C12H20NO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 39817 | diethyl aminomethylphosphonate | C5H14NO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 39818 | diethyl [[(E)-benzylidene]amino]methylphosphonate | 50917-73-2 | C12H18NO3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 39819 | 1-[[(chlorocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-4-methoxybenzene | C9H9ClO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 39820 | 4-methoxybenzyl 2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-2-[[(E)-benzylidene]amino]acetate | C21H26NO6P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 39821 | 4-methoxybenzyl 2-amino-2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)acetate | C14H22NO6P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 39822 | O-ethyl thioformate | C3H6OS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 39823 | 4-methoxybenzyl 2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-2-(thioformylamino)acetate | C15H22NO6PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 39824 | 3-chloro-2-oxopropyl acetate | 40235-68-5 | C5H7ClO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XI) | 39825 | 4-methoxybenzyl 5-[(acetoxy)methyl]-6H-1,3-thiazine-4-carboxylate | C16H17NO5S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 39826 | 2-azidoacetyl chloride | C2H2ClN3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIII) | 39827 | 4-methoxybenzyl (6R,7R)-3-[(acetoxy)methyl]-7-azido-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C18H18N4O6S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIV) | 39828 | 4-methoxybenzyl (6R,7R)-3-[(acetoxy)methyl]-7-amino-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C18H20N2O6S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 39829 | 4-methoxybenzyl (6R,7R)-3-[(acetoxy)methyl]-7-[[(E)-(4-nitrophenyl)methylidene]amino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C25H23N3O8S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (C) | 18184 | 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde | 555-16-8 | C7H5NO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)1) The condensation of 1,3-dibromopropane (II) with diethyl phosphonate (III) gives diethyl 3-bromopropylphosphonate (IV), which by reaction with butyraldehyde oxime (V) by means of sodium ethoxide in ethanol is converted to diethyl 3-(butylideneamino)propylphosphonate-N-oxide (VI). Finally, this compound is hydrolyzed with HCl in refluxing acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 2) The condensation of (IV) with N-(p-methoxybenzyloxy)-p-toluenesulfonamide (VII) by means of sodium ethoxide in ethanol gives diethyl 3-[N-methoxybenzyloxy)-N-tosylamino]propyl phosphonate (VIII), which is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 3) The condensation of (IV) with methyl N-(benzyloxy)carbamate (IX) by means of sodium ethoxide in ethanol yields diethyl 3-(N-benzyloxy-N-methoxycarbonylamino)propylphosphonate (X), which is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 4) The condensation of (IV) with hydroxylamine by means of NaOH in MeOH-H2O gives diethyl 3-(N-hydroxylamino)propylphosphonate (XI), which is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I).
| 【1】 Kuroda, Y.; et al.; US 4143135 . |
| 【2】 Prous, J.R.; Castaner, J.; FR-31564. Drugs Fut 1980, 5, 5, 239. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 39088 | 3-(hydroxyamino)propylphosphonic acid | C3H10NO4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 12581 | 1,3-Dibromopropane | 109-64-8 | C3H6Br2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 39080 | diethyl 3-bromopropylphosphonate | C7H16BrO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 39081 | butanal oxime | 110-69-0 | C4H9NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VI) | 39084 | (Z)butylidene[3-(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl]ammoniumolate | C11H24NO4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 39083 | N-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | C15H17NO4S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 39087 | diethyl 3-[[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy][(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino]propylphosphonate | C22H32NO7PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 39082 | methyl benzyloxycarbamate | C9H11NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 39086 | diethyl 3-[(benzyloxy)(methoxycarbonyl)amino]propylphosphonate | C16H26NO6P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 39085 | diethyl 3-(hydroxyamino)propylphosphonate | C7H18NO4P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)5) The condensation of 1-chloro-3-bromopropane (XII) with dibutyl phosphonate (XIII) affords dibutyl 3-chloropropylphosphonate (XIV), which by reaction with ethyl N-benzyloxycarbamate (A) is converted into dibutyl 3-(N-benzyloxy-N-ethoxycarbonylamino)propylphosphonate (XV). Finally, this compound is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 6) The reaction of (XII) with diethyl phosphonate (III) yields diethyl 3-chloropropylphosphonate (XVI), which by condensation with ethyl N-ethoxycarbonyl-oxycarbamate (XVII) is converted into diethyl 3-(N-ethoxycarbonyloxy-N-ethoxycarbonylamino)propylphosphonate (XVIII). Finally, this compound is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I).
| 【1】 Kuroda, Y.; et al.; US 4143135 . |
| 【2】 Prous, J.R.; Castaner, J.; FR-31564. Drugs Fut 1980, 5, 5, 239. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | 39093 | ethyl benzyloxycarbamate | C10H13NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 39088 | 3-(hydroxyamino)propylphosphonic acid | C3H10NO4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 10358 | 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane | 109-70-6 | C3H6BrCl | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIII) | 39089 | diethyl 3-chloropropylphosphonate | C7H16ClO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIV) | 39091 | dibutyl 3-chloropropylphosphonate | C11H24ClO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 39095 | dibutyl 3-[(benzyloxy)(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]propylphosphonate | C21H36NO6P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 39090 | dibutyl phosphonate | 1809-19-4 | C8H19O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVII) | 39092 | 1-[([[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]oxy]carbonyl)oxy]ethane | C6H11NO5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 39094 | 4-ethoxy-8-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4,10-dioxo-3,9,11-trioxa-8-aza-4lambda(5)-phosphatridecane | C13H26NO8P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)10) The condensation of diethyl phosphonate (III) with N-(p-methoxybenzyloxy)-N-(3-chloropropyl)-p-toluenesulfonamide (XXV) by means of NaH in refluxing benzene gives (VIII), which is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 11) The condensation of (III) with N-(3-chloropropyl)-N-(benzyloxy)-p-toluenesulfonamide (XXVI) by means of NaH in refluxing benzene gives diethyl 3-(N-benzyloxy-N-tosylamino)propylphosphonate (XXVII), which is hydrolyzed with HCl in acetic acid to obtain compound (I). 12) By reaction of 3-bromopropylphosphonic acid (XXVIII) with hydroxylamine by means of sodium methoxide in MeOH to obtain compound (I).
| 【1】 Kuroda, Y.; et al.; US 4143135 . |
| 【2】 Prous, J.R.; Castaner, J.; FR-31564. Drugs Fut 1980, 5, 5, 239. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 39088 | 3-(hydroxyamino)propylphosphonic acid | C3H10NO4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VIII) | 39087 | diethyl 3-[[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy][(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino]propylphosphonate | C22H32NO7PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXV) | 39102 | N-(3-chloropropyl)-N-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | C18H22ClNO4S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVI) | 39103 | N-(benzyloxy)-N-(3-chloropropyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | C17H20ClNO3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVII) | 39104 | diethyl 3-[(benzyloxy)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino]propylphosphonate | C21H30NO6PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVIII) | 39105 | 3-bromopropylphosphonic acid | 1190-09-6 | C3H8BrO3P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线5
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XX)3) The reaction of 2(S),3-O-isopropylideneglycerol (XV) with methanesulfonyl chloride and triethylamine in dichloromethane gives the corresponding mesylate (XVI), which is condensed with cytosine (XII) by means of cesium carbonate as before yielding 1-[2(S),3-(isopropylidenedioxy)propyl]cytosine (XVII). The deprotection of (XVII) with aqueous acetic acid at 100 C affords the corresponding diol (XVIII), which is treated with trityl chloride, DMAP and triethylamine in DMF to give the monotrityl compound (XIX). The condensation of (XIX) with diethyl tosyloxymethylphosphonate (VIII) [obtained by reaction of diethylphosphite (XX) with paraformaldehyde, followed by tosylation with tosyl chloride] by a previous treatment of (XX) with DMF dimethylacetal, then condensation by means of NaH in DMF, and a final hydrolysis with hot aqueous acetic acid yields the 1-[2(S)-(diethoxyphosphorylmethoxy)-3-hydroxypropyl]cytosine (XIV) (already obtained), which is finally treated with bromotrimethylsilane as before. 4) The reaction of the acetonide (XVI) with N4-benzoylcytosine (XXI) by means of potassium tert-butoxide or cesium carbonate gives the condensation product (XXII), which is deprotected with HCl in acetic acid yielding the diol (XXIII). The reaction of (XXIII) with trityl chloride and DMAP in refluxing pyridine affords the monotritylated compound (XXIV), which is condensed with the phosphonate (VIII) by means of NaH in DMF to give the fully protected HPMPC compound (XXV). The successive deprotections of (XXV), first with HCl in dichloromethane to eliminate the trityl group yielding (XXVI), then with bromotrimethylsilane to obtain the free phosphono group giving (XXVII), and finally with concentrated aqueous NH4OH to eliminate the benzoyl group affords cidofovir. 5) The benzoylation of acetonide derivative (XVII) with benzoyl anhydride in refluxing pyridine gives the benzoyl citosine derivative (XXII) already obtained.
| 【1】 Fromtling, R.A.; Castaner, J.; Cidofovir. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 10, 1003. |
| 【2】 Bronson, J.J.; Ferrara, L.M.; Howell, H.G.; Brodfuehrer, P.R.; Martin, J.C.; A new synthesis of the potent and selective anti-herpesvirus agent (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1990, 9, 6, 745-69. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (VIII) | 12702 | (diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | 31618-90-3 | C12H19O6PS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 12706 | Cytosine; 4-Amino-2(1H)-pyrimidinone | 71-30-7 | C4H5N3O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIV) | 12708 | diethyl [[(1S)-2-[4-amino-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]oxy]methylphosphonate | C12H22N3O6P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 12709 | [(4S)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methanol | 22323-82-6 | C6H12O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVI) | 12710 | [(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methyl methanesulfonate | C7H14O5S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 12711 | 4-Amino-1-[[(4S)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methyl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone | C10H15N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 12695 | 4-Amino-1-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone | C7H11N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIX) | 12713 | 4-Amino-1-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(trityloxy)propyl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone | C26H25N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XX) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXI) | 12715 | N-(2-Oxo-1,2-dihydro-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide; N-Benzoylcytosine | 26661-13-2 | C11H9N3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXII) | 12716 | N-(1-[[(4S)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide | C17H19N3O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIII) | 12717 | N-[1-[(2S)-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-4-pyrimidinyl]benzamide | C14H15N3O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIV) | 12718 | N-[1-[(2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-(trityloxy)propyl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-4-pyrimidinyl]benzamide | C33H29N3O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXV) | 12719 | diethyl ([(1S)-2-[4-(benzoylamino)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-1-[(trityloxy)methyl]ethyl]oxy)methylphosphonate | C38H40N3O7P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVI) | 12720 | diethyl [[(1S)-2-[4-(benzoylamino)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]oxy]methylphosphonate | C19H26N3O7P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVII) | 12721 | [[(1S)-2-[4-(Benzoylamino)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]oxy]methylphosphonic acid | C15H18N3O7P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线6
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)The reaction of cycloheptylamine (I) with triethyl orthoformate (II) and diethyl phosphite (III) at 150 gives cycloheptylaminomethylenediphosphonic acid tetraethyl ester (IV), which is then hydrolyzed with refluxing concentrated hydrochloric acid.
| 【1】 Isomura, Y.; Takeuchi, M.; Sakamoto, S.; Abe, T. (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.); (Cycloalkylamino)methylenebisphosphonic acids and medicines containing them. AU 8928670; EP 0325482; JP 1989308290; US 5041428 . |
| 【2】 Takeuchi, M.; Sakamoto, S.; Kawamuki, K.; Kudo, M.; Murase, K.; Kawashima, H.; Isomura, Y.; Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel anti-resorptive agent YM175, and the related derivatives. Symp Med Chem 1990, P-12. |
| 【3】 Prous, J.; Castaner, J.; YM-175. Drugs Fut 1992, 17, 4, 293. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 22234 | cycloheptanamine; cycloheptylamine | 5452-35-7 | C7H15N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 21304 | Triethyl orthoformate; 1-(Diethoxymethoxy)ethane; Diethoxymethyl ethyl ether | 122-51-0 | C7H16O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 31262 | diethyl [bis(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphoryl](cycloheptylamino)methylphosphonate | C16H35NO6P2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线7
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XXII)3) The catalytic hydrogenation of (S)-glycidol (XVI) over Pd/C gives the (R)-1,2-propanediol (XVII), which is esterified with diethyl carbonate (XVIII)/NaOEt, yielding the cyclic carbonate (XIX). The reaction of (XIX) with adenine (V) by means of NaOH in DMF affords 9-[2(R)-hydroxypropyl]adenine (VII), which is condensed with tosyloxymethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester (XX) by means of lithium tert-butoxide in THF, giving 9-[2(R)-(diethoxyphosphorylmethoxy)propyl]adenine (XXI). Finally, this compound is hydrolyzed with bromotrimethylsilane as before. Compound (XX) is obtained by reaction of diethyl phosphite (XXII) with paraformaldehyde, yielding hydroxy- methylphosphonic acid diethyl ester (XXIII), which is finally tosylated as usual.
| 【1】 Leone-Bay, A.; et al.; 4-(4-Salicyloylaminophenyl)butyric acid as a novel oral delivery agent for recombinant human growth hormone. 211th ACS Natl Meet (March 24-28, New Orleans) 1996, Abst MEDI 006. |
| 【2】 Schultze, L.M.; Chapman, H.H.; Dubree, N.J.P.; et al.; Practical synthesis of the anti-HIV drug, PMPA. Tetrahedron Lett 1998, 39, 14, 1853. |
| 【3】 Sorbera, L.A.; Castañer, J.; (R)-PMPA and Bis(POC)PMPA. Drugs Fut 1998, 23, 12, 1279. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (V) | 10343 | 9H-Purin-6-amine; 9H-Purin-6-ylamine; Adenine | 73-24-5 | C5H5N5 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VII) | 19232 | (2S)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanol | C8H11N5O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 19241 | (2S)oxiranylmethanol | 60456-23-7 | C3H6O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVII) | 19242 | (2S)-1,2-propanediol | 4254-15-3 | C3H8O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVIII) | 17470 | diethyl carbonate; diethylcarbonate | 105-58-8 | C5H10O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIX) | 19244 | (4S)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one | C4H6O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XX) | 12702 | (diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | 31618-90-3 | C12H19O6PS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXI) | 19246 | diethyl [[(1S)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-methylethyl]oxy]methylphosphonate | C13H22N5O4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXII) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXIII) | 19248 | diethyl hydroxymethylphosphonate | 3084-40-0 | C5H13O4P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线8
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)The title compound was originally isolated from the fermentation broths of Streptomyces rubellomurinus. The chemical synthesis of this compound was further described. Treatment of O-benzyl hydroxylamine (I) with TsCl in pyridine afforded N-(benzyloxy)-p-toluenesulfonamide (II). A closely related procedure used O-(p-methoxy-benzyl)hydroxylamine. Diethyl (3-bromopropyl)phosphonate (V) was obtained by alkylation of the sodium salt of diethyl phosphonate (III) with 1,3-dibromopropane (IV). Related procedures used dibutyl phosphonate or 1-bromo-3-chloropropane instead of (III) or (IV). The condensation of protected hydroxylamine (II) with bromide (V) in the presence of NaH furnished adduct (VI). Alternatively, intermediate (VI) was prepared by first alkylation of N-(benzyloxy)-p-toluenesulfonamide (II) with 1,3-dibromopropane (IV) to give (VII), and then condensation of bromide (VII) with the sodium salt of diethyl phosphonate (III). Hydrolysis of (VI) with HCl in HOAc gave rise to 3-(N-hydroxyamino)propylphosphonic acid (VIII). This was finally acetylated with Ac2O in NaOH.
| 【1】 Takashi, K.; et al.; Studies on phosphonic acid antibiotics. I. Structure and synthesis 3-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxyamino) propylphosphonic acid (FR-900098) and its N-formyl analog (FR-31564). Tetrahedron Lett 1980, 21, 1, 95. |
| 【2】 Iguchi, E.; et al.; Studies on new phosphonic acid antibiotics II. Taxonomic studies on producing organisms of the phosphonic acid and related compounds. J Antibiot 1980, 33, 1, 18. |
| 【3】 Takeno, H.; Hemmi, K.; Hashimoto, M.; Kamiya, T. (Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.); Hydroxyaminohydrocarbonphosphonic acids. DE 2733658; US 4182758; US 4206156 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 14640 | O-benzylhydroxylamine; 1-[(aminooxy)methyl]benzene | 622-33-3 | C7H9NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 39517 | N-(benzyloxy)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | C14H15NO3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (IV) | 12581 | 1,3-Dibromopropane | 109-64-8 | C3H6Br2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 39080 | diethyl 3-bromopropylphosphonate | C7H16BrO3P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 39104 | diethyl 3-[(benzyloxy)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino]propylphosphonate | C21H30NO6PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 39517 | N-(benzyloxy)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide | C14H15NO3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 39088 | 3-(hydroxyamino)propylphosphonic acid | C3H10NO4P | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线9
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(IV)Treatment of adenosine (I) with ethylene carbonate (II) in the presence of NaOH in refluxing DMF gives 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenosine (III). Diethyl phosphite (IV) is then condensed with formaldehyde, followed by reaction with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and Et3N to afford diethyl (tosyloxymethyl)phosphonate (V). Subsequent condensation of tosylate (V) with (III) in the presence of t-BuONa gives the phosphonyloxymethoxyethyl adenosine (PMEA) diethyl ester (VI), which is hydrolyzed to the corresponding phosphonic acid adefovir (VII) by means of in situ-generated iodotrimethylsilane. The condensation of phosphonic acid (VII) with 1(S)-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3-propanediol (VIII) utilizing DCC/pyridine leads to the cyclic phosphonate (IX) as a roughly equimolecular mixture of diastereoisomers, which can be chromatographically separated to furnish the title cis-isomer pradefovir. In an improved procedure, activation of adefovir (VII) with oxalyl chloride and N,N-diethylformamide generates the formamidine-protected phosphonyl dichloridate (X), which upon condensation with diol (VIII) at low temperature gives the cyclic phosphonate (XI) as a mixture in which the desired cis-diastereoisomer predominates. After hydrolysis of the formamidine (XI) with ethanolic AcOH, recrystallization as the corresponding mesylate salt provides the title adefovir prodrug in high diastereomeric excess (1-5). Scheme 1.
| 【1】 Kopcho, J.J., Matelich, M.C., Reddy, K.R., Ugarkar, B.G. (Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc.). Process for preparation of cyclic prodrugs of PMEA and PMPA. JP 2005525422, US 2003225277, WO 2003095665. |
| 【2】 Erion, M.D., Kopcho, J.J., Matelich, M.C., Reddy, K.R. (Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc.). Novel phosphonic acid based prodrugs of PMEA and its analogues. EP 1532157, US 2003229225, WO 2004037161. |
| 【3】 Reddy, K.R., Matelich, M.C., Ugarkar, B.G. et al. HepDirect prodrugs of adefovir: Design, synthesis and optimization. 227th ACS Natl Meet (March 28-April 1, Anaheim) 2004, Abst MEDI- 27. |
| 【4】 Martin, K. (Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc.). Lewis acid mediated synthesis of cyclic esters. CA 2565966, EP 1753762, US 2005282782, WO 2005123729. |
| 【5】 Erion, M.D., Reddy, K.R., Boyer, S.H. et al. Design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of cytochrome P450 3A-activated prodrugs (HepDirect prodrugs) useful for targeting phospho(on)ate-based drugs to the liver. J Am Chem Soc 2004, 126(16): 5154-63. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 10343 | 9H-Purin-6-amine; 9H-Purin-6-ylamine; Adenine | 73-24-5 | C5H5N5 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 32802 | 1,3-dioxolan-2-one | 96-49-1 | C3H4O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 39672 | 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-ethanol | C7H9N5O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 12714 | diethyl phosphonate; diethyl phosphite | 762-04-9 | C4H11O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 12702 | (diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | 31618-90-3 | C12H19O6PS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VI) | 39673 | diethyl [2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy]methylphosphonate | C12H20N5O4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 16165 | [2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy]methylphosphonic acid | C8H12N5O4P | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 65232 | 1(S)-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3-propanediol | C9H11ClO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 65233 | C17H19ClN5O4P | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (X) | 65234 | C13H19Cl2N6O2P | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (XI) | 65235 | C22H28ClN6O4P | 详情 | 详情 |