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【结 构 式】 
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【分子编号】63907 【品名】1,3-dichloroacetone 【CA登记号】 |
【 分 子 式 】C3H4Cl2O 【 分 子 量 】126.96956 【元素组成】C 28.38% H 3.18% Cl 55.84% O 12.6% |
合成路线1
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XII)By condensation of 3-[2(E)-(4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl)vinyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (I) with (+)-(R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-epoxypropane (II) by means of anhydrous K2CO3 in hot DMF. The starting products (I) and (II) are obtained as follows: a) The condensation of 4-chlorobenzonitrile (III) with 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropanol (IV) by means of NaH in DMF gives 4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)benzonitrile (V), which is reduced to the corresponding benzaldehyde (VI) with diisobutylaluminum hydride in toluene. The condensation of diethoxyphosphorylacetic acid ethyl ester (VII) with aldehyde (VI) by means of KOH in THF yields (E)-4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)cinnamic acid ethyl ester (VIII), which is saponified to the corresponding acid (IX) with NaOH in ethanol-water. The reaction of (IX) first with refluxing SOCl2 and then with aqueous ammonia in toluene affords the corresponding amide (X), which is finally condensed with formyl hydrazide (XI) by means of trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate in CH2Cl2 to give (I). b) The reaction of 1,3-dichloroacetone (XII) with 2,4-difluorobromobenzene (XIII) by means of butyllithium in ether gives 1,3-dichloro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-propanol (XIV), which is converted into 3-chloro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-epoxypropane (XV) by treatment with NaH in DMF. The reaction of (XV) with tellurium and sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate in water yields 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)allyl alcohol (XVI), which by stereoselective epoxidation with titanium tetraisopropoxide and diethyl (+)-tartrate in methylene chloride is converted into (R)-(-)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2,3-epoxypropanol (XVII). The reaction of (XVII) with 1,2,4-triazole (XVIII) by means of K2CO3 in THF affords (S)-(-)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-propane-1,2-diol (XIX), which is finally treated with methanesulfonyl chloride and triethylamine in ether to give (II).
| 【1】 Murakami, K.; Mochizuki, H. (AstraZeneca plc; Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.); Optically active triazole derivs. and compsns. EP 0472392; JP 1993009183 . |
| 【2】 Fromtling, R.A.; Castaner, J.; ICI-D0870. Drugs Fut 1993, 18, 5, 424. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 15476 | 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl 4-[(E)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethenyl]phenyl ether; 3-[(E)-2-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]ethenyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole | C13H11F4N3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 15477 | 1-[[(2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiranyl]methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole | C11H9F2N3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 15478 | 4-methylcyclohexanecarbonitrile | C8H13N | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 15479 | 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol | 76-37-9 | C3H4F4O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 15480 | 4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)benzonitrile | C10H7F4NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 15481 | 4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)benzaldehyde | C10H8F4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 10019 | Ethyl 2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)acetate; Triethyl phosphonoacetate | 867-13-0 | C8H17O5P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VIII) | 15483 | ethyl (E)-3-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-2-propenoate | C14H14F4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 15484 | (E)-3-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-2-propenoic acid | C12H10F4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 15485 | (E)-3-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-2-propenamide | C12H11F4NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 15486 | formic hydrazide; Formylhydrazine | 624-84-0 | CH4N2O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIII) | 15488 | 1-bromo-2,4-difluorobenzene | 348-57-2 | C6H3BrF2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIV) | 15489 | 1,3-dichloro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-propanol | C9H8Cl2F2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 15490 | 2-(chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxirane | C9H7ClF2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 15491 | 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-propen-1-ol | C9H8F2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 64587 | [(2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiranyl]methanol | C9H8F2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 13135 | 1H-1,2,4-Triazole; 1,2,4-Triazole | 288-88-0 | C2H3N3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIX) | 15494 | (2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-propanediol | C11H11F2N3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XII)The intermediate (XIX) can be obtained by two related ways: 1. The condensation of 1,3-dichloroacetone (XIII) with 2,4-difluorobromobenzene (XII) by means of n-BuLi gives 1,3-dichloro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-propanol (XIV), which is converted into the epoxide (XV) by reaction with KOH in toluene. The reaction of (XV) with isobutyric anhydride (XXII) yields the diester (XX), which is stereoselectively hydrolyzed with Lipase D in an acetate buffer to afford the (R)-monoester (XXIV). The reaction of (XXIV) with Ms-Cl and pyridine provides the monomesylate (XXV), which is treated with KOH in toluene to give the hydroxymethyl epoxide (XVII). Finally, this compound is treated with 1,2,4-triazole (XVIII) and K2CO3 in refluxing THF to afford the target intermediate. Alternatively, the mesylate (XXV) can be treated with 1,2,4-triazole (XVIII) and Na2CO3 in refluxing methanol to yield directly the target intermediate (XIX). 2. The acylation of 1,3-dihydroxypropanone (XXI) with butyric anhydride (XXII), pyridine and DMAP gives the diester (XXIII), which is submitted to a Grignard condensation with 2,4-difluorobromobenzene (XIII) by means of Mg to afford the already described intermediate, the diester (XIX).
| 【1】 Yasohara, Y.; et al.; A practical chemoenzymatic synthesis of a key intermediate of antifungal agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2001, 42, 19, 3331. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (XII) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIII) | 15488 | 1-bromo-2,4-difluorobenzene | 348-57-2 | C6H3BrF2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIV) | 15489 | 1,3-dichloro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-propanol | C9H8Cl2F2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 15490 | 2-(chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxirane | C9H7ClF2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 17058 | [(2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiranyl]methanol | C9H8F2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 13135 | 1H-1,2,4-Triazole; 1,2,4-Triazole | 288-88-0 | C2H3N3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIX) | 15494 | (2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-propanediol | C11H11F2N3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XX) | 50741 | 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-(isobutyryloxy)propyl 2-methylpropanoate | C17H22F2O5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXI) | 14575 | Dihydroxyacetone; 1,3-dihydroxyacetone | 96-26-4 | C3H6O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXII) | 22334 | 1-methylpropionic anhydride | 97-72-3 | C8H14O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXIII) | 50742 | 3-(isobutyryloxy)-2-oxopropyl 2-methylpropanoate | C11H18O5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIV) | 50743 | (2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-methylpropanoate | C13H16F2O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXV) | 50744 | (2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-[(methylsulfonyl)oxy]propyl 2-methylpropanoate | C14H18F2O6S | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XXIV)The N-substituted valine (XIII) has been synthesized as follows: The reaction of isobutyramide (XXII) with phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10) in ethyl ether gives the corresponding thioamide (XXIII), which is cyclized with 1,3-dichloroacetone (XXIV) by means of MgSO4 in refluxing acetone yielding 4-(chloromethyl)-2-isopropylthiazole (XXV). The reaction of (XXV) with methylamine in water affords N-(2-isopropylthiazol-4-ylmethyl)-N-methylamine (XXVI), which is condensed with N-(4-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)-L-valine methyl ester (XXVII) by means of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) and triethylamine in refluxing THF to give the thiazol-substituted L-valine ester (XXVIII). Finally, this compound is converted into the corresponding free acid with LiOH in dioxane/water. The N-(4-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)-L-valine methyl ester (XXVII) has been synthesized by reaction of chloroformate (XXI) with L-valine methyl ester (XXIX) by means of 4-methylmorpholine (MPH) in dichloromethane.
| 【1】 Graul, A.; Castañer, J.; Ritonavir. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 7, 700. |
| 【2】 Kempf, D.J.; Norbeck, D.W.; Sham, H.L.; Zhao, C.; Sowin, T.J.; Reno, D.S.; Haight, A.R.; Cooper, A.J. (Abbott Laboratories Inc.); Retroviral protease inhibiting cpds. EP 0674513; EP 0727419; JP 1996505844; JP 1997118679; JP 1998087639; WO 9414436 . |
| 【3】 Al-Razzak, L.; Marsh, K.C.; Manning, L.P.; Kaul, D. (Abbott Laboratories Inc.); Pharmaceutical compsns. containing HIV protease inhibitors. EP 0732923; US 5484801; WO 9520384 . |
| 【4】 Flentge, C.; Kempf, D.; Marsh, K.; et al.; Symmetry-based inhibitors of HIV protease with high oral bioavailability. 207th ACS Natl Meet (March 13-17, San Diego) 1994, Abst MEDI 35. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (XIII) | 16597 | (2S)-2-([[[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl](methyl)amino]carbonyl]amino)-3-methylbutyric acid | C14H23N3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXI) | 16605 | 4-Nitrophenyl chloroformate; 1-[(Chlorocarbonyl)oxy]-4-nitrobenzene | 7693-46-1 | C7H4ClNO4 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXII) | 16606 | Isobutyramide; 2-methylpropanamide | 563-83-7 | C4H9NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXIII) | 16607 | 2-methylpropanethioamide | 13515-65-6 | C4H9NS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXIV) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXV) | 16609 | 4-(chloromethyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazole | C7H10ClNS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVI) | 16610 | (2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-methylmethanamine; N-[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-N-methylamine | 154212-60-9 | C8H14N2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXVII) | 16611 | methyl (2S)-3-methyl-2-[[(4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl]amino]butanoate | C13H16N2O6 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVIII) | 16612 | methyl (2S)-2-([[[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl](methyl)amino]carbonyl]amino)-3-methylbutanoate | C15H25N3O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIX) | 16613 | methyl (2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoate | C6H13NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(V)The silylation of 3(S)-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-one (I) with TBDMS-Cl and imidazole gives the silyl ether (II), which is methylated with MeLi in THF yields the 3(S)-(TBDMSO)-5-hydroxy-2-pentanone (IV), through the hemiketal intermediate (III). Simultaneously, the cyclization of 1,3-dichloropropanone (V) with thioacetamide (VI) in refluxing ethanol affords 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methylthiazole (VII), which is treated with tributylphosphine to provide the phosphonium salt (VIII). The condensation of (VIII) with the ketone (IV) gives the unsaturated alcohol (IX), which is oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde (X) by means of oxalyl chloride in DMSO. The condensation of (X) with 2-phosphonopropionic acid triethyl ester (XI) by means of KHMDS gives the dienoic acid ethyl ester (XII), which is reduced with DIBAL in THF yielding the corresponding primary alcohol (XIII). The condensation of (XIII) with the chiral sulfone intermediate (XIV) by means of KHMDS and PPh3 affords the corresponding adduct (XV), which is desulfurized with Na/Hg in THF/methanol giving the silylated diol (XVI). The selective monodesilylation of (XVI) with CSA in methanol/dichloromethane yields the primary alcohol (XVII), which is oxidized with Dess Martin periodinane (DMP) to the aldehyde (XVIII). The condensation of (XVIII) with the intermediate chiral ketone (XIX) by means of LDA in THF affords the hydroxy ketone (XX).
| 【1】 Mulzer, J.; Ohler, E.; Mantoulidis, A. (Schering AG); Method for producing epothilone B and derivs., and intermediate products for this method. WO 0023452 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 40815 | (3S)-3-hydroxydihydro-2(3H)-furanone | 19444-84-9 | C4H6O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 40816 | (3S)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]dihydro-2(3H)-furanone | C10H20O3Si | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 40817 | (3S)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2-methyltetrahydro-2-furanol | C11H24O3Si | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 40818 | (3S)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-pentanone | C11H24O3Si | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 19170 | ethanethioamide | 62-55-5 | C2H5NS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VII) | 40819 | 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C5H6ClNS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 40820 | tributyl[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]phosphonium chloride | C17H33ClNPS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 40821 | (3S,4E)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-4-methyl-5-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-penten-1-ol | C16H29NO2SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 40822 | (3S,4E)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-4-methyl-5-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-pentenal | C16H27NO2SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 18816 | ethyl 2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)propanoate | 3699-66-9 | C9H19O5P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 40823 | ethyl (2Z,5S,6E)-5-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6-dimethyl-7-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2,6-heptadienoate | C21H35NO3SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIII) | 40824 | (2Z,5S,6E)-5-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6-dimethyl-7-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2,6-heptadien-1-ol | C19H33NO2SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIV) | 40825 | tert-butyl(dimethyl)[[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)butyl]oxy]silane; (3S)-4-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-3-methylbutyl phenyl sulfone | C17H30O3SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 40826 | (1R,3Z,6S,7E)-6-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-1-((2S)-3-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2-methylpropyl)-3,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3,7-octadienyl phenyl sulfone; 4-[(1E,3S,5Z,8R,10S)-3,11-bis[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6,10-trimethyl-8-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,5-undecadienyl]-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C36H61NO4S2Si2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 40827 | tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl (1S,3Z,8S)-9-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-4,8-dimethyl-1-[(E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethenyl]-3-nonenyl ether; 4-((1E,3S,5Z,10S)-3,11-bis[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6,10-trimethyl-1,5-undecadienyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C30H57NO2SSi2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 40828 | (2S,6Z,9S,10E)-9-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6,10-trimethyl-11-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-6,10-undecadien-1-ol | C24H43NO2SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 40829 | (2S,6Z,9S,10E)-9-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2,6,10-trimethyl-11-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-6,10-undecadienal | C24H41NO2SSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIX) | 40830 | (5S)-5,7-bis[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-4,4-dimethyl-3-heptanone | C21H46O3Si2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XX) | 40831 | (7S,10R,11S,12S,16Z,19S)-7-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-11-hydroxy-2,2,3,3,8,8,10,12,16,21,21,22,22-tridecamethyl-19-[(E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethenyl]-4,20-dioxa-3,21-disila-16-tricosen-9-one | C45H87NO5SSi3 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线5
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XI)The intermediate phosphonate (X) has been obtained as follows. The cyclization of thioacetamide (IV) with ethyl 3-bromopiruvate (V) in ethanol gives 2-methylthiazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (VI), which is reduced by means of LiAlH4 in ethyl ether to yield the carbinol (VII). The bromination of (VII) with CBr4 and PPh3 in CCl4 affords the 4-bromomethyl-2-methylthiazole (VIII), which is finally condensed with triethyl phosphite (IX) to provide the target phosphonate intermediate (X). Alternatively, the cyclization of thioacetamide (IV) with 1,3-dichloroacetone (XI) gives 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methylthiazole (XII), which is condensed with triethyl phosphite (IX) to also provide the target phosphonate intermediate (X).
| 【1】 Jung, J.-K.; Kache, R.; Vines, K.K.; Zheng, Y.-S.; Avery, M.A.; Total synthesis of epothilones B and D amenable to large-scale preparation. 225th ACS Natl Meet (March 23 2003, New Orleans) 2003, Abst MEDI 121. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (IV) | 19170 | ethanethioamide | 62-55-5 | C2H5NS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 63904 | propyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate | C6H9BrO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 63905 | propyl 2-methyl-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylate | C8H11NO2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 63906 | (2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methanol | C5H7NOS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 63909 | 4-(bromomethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C5H6BrNS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 15487 | triethyl phosphite | 122-52-1 | C6H15O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (X) | 63908 | dipropyl (2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methylphosphonate | C11H20NO3PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 40819 | 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C5H6ClNS | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线6
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XI)The intermediate phosphonate (X) has been obtained as follows. The cyclization of thioacetamide (IV) with ethyl 3-bromopiruvate (V) in ethanol gives 2-methylthiazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (VI), which is reduced by means of LiAlH4 in ethyl ether to yield the carbinol (VII). The bromination of (VII) with CBr4 and PPh3 in CCl4 affords the 4-bromomethyl-2-methylthiazole (VIII), which is finally condensed with triethyl phosphite (IX) to provide the target phosphonate intermediate (X). Alternatively, the cyclization of thioacetamide (IV) with 1,3-dichloroacetone (XI) gives 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methylthiazole (XII), which is condensed with triethyl phosphite (IX) to also provide the target phosphonate intermediate (X).
| 【1】 Jung, J.-K.; Kache, R.; Vines, K.K.; Zheng, Y.-S.; Avery, M.A.; Total synthesis of epothilones B and D amenable to large-scale preparation. 225th ACS Natl Meet (March 23 2003, New Orleans) 2003, Abst MEDI 121. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (IV) | 19170 | ethanethioamide | 62-55-5 | C2H5NS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 63904 | propyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate | C6H9BrO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 63905 | propyl 2-methyl-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylate | C8H11NO2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 63906 | (2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methanol | C5H7NOS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 63909 | 4-(bromomethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C5H6BrNS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 15487 | triethyl phosphite | 122-52-1 | C6H15O3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (X) | 63908 | dipropyl (2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methylphosphonate | C11H20NO3PS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 40819 | 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole | C5H6ClNS | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线7
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)2,6-Diamino-4-hydroxypyrimidine (I) was cyclized with 1,3-dichloroacetone (II) in DMF at room temperature, and the resulting unstable furopyrimidine (III) was rapidly purified by a short column of silica gel and stored at -20 C. Then, the nucleophilic displacement reaction of chloride (III) with 2-naphthalenethiol (IV) in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMSO yielded the desired thioether.
| 【1】 Gangjee, A.; et al.; Selective Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2, 3-d]pyrimidines. J Med Chem 1998, 41, 8, 1263. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 14811 | 2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine; 2,6-diamino-4-pyrimidinol | 56-06-4 | C4H6N4O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 18884 | 5-(chloromethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine; 2-amino-5-(chloromethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine | C7H7ClN4O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 15234 | 2-Naphthalenethiol; 2-Naphthylhydrosulfide | 91-60-1 | C10H8S | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线8
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)The condensation of 1,3-dichloroacetone (I) with thiourea (II) provided 2-amino-4-(chloromethyl)thiazole (III). Further displacement of the chlorine atom of (III) with N-Boc-2-mercaptoethylamine (IV) gave thioether (V). Thiocyanation of the thiazole ring of (V) using thiocyanogen, generated from KSCN and Br2, provided (VI). Reductive cleavage of the thiocyanate group of (VI) with NaBH4 gave rise to the mercaptothiazole (VII), which was subsequently coupled with the chlorocephem (VIII) to yield adduct (IX). Incorporation of a N-Boc-alanine unit to (IX) to afford (XI) was then achieved by condensation with N-Boc-alanine pentafluorophenyl ester (X) in 1,2-dichloroethane. Finally, the protecting groups of (XI) were cleaved by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of triethylsilane.
| 【1】 Glinka, T.; Price, M.; Halas, S.; Calkins,T.; Frith, R.; Nudelman, G.; Whitehead, C.; Cho, A.; Hecker, S.; Ludwikow, M.; Chamberland, S.; Crawford, J.; Lee, V.; Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial properties of novel 3-heteroarylthio cephems with anti-MRSA activity: Amino acid prodrug approach to solubility improvement. 39th Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Sept 26 1999, San Francisco) 1999, Abst F391. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 10180 | Thiourea | 62-56-6 | CH4N2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 33078 | 4-(chloromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine; 4-(chloromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-ylamine | C4H5ClN2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 33079 | tert-butyl 2-sulfanylethylcarbamate | C7H15NO2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 33080 | tert-butyl 2-[[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl]ethylcarbamate | C11H19N3O2S2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 33081 | tert-butyl 2-([[2-amino-5-(cyanosulfanyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]sulfanyl)ethylcarbamate | C12H18N4O2S3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 33082 | tert-butyl 2-[[(2-amino-5-sulfanyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl]ethylcarbamate | C11H19N3O2S3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 33083 | benzyl 3-chloro-7-([2-[4-chloro-2-(tritylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetyl]amino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C57H43Cl2N5O5S2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 33084 | benzyl 3-([2-amino-4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl)-7-([2-[4-chloro-2-(tritylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetyl]amino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C68H61ClN8O7S5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 33085 | 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl (2S)-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]propanoate | C14H14F5NO4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 33086 | benzyl 3-[[4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-2-([(2S)-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]propanoyl]amino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl]-7-([2-[4-chloro-2-(tritylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetyl]amino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate; benzyl 3-[[4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-2-([(2S)-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]propanoyl]amino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl]-7-([2-[4-chloro-2-(tritylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetyl]amino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C76H74ClN9O10S5 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线9
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)The condensation of 1,3-dichloroacetone (I) with ethyl 3-sulfanylpropionate (II) by means of triethylamine in THF gives ethyl 3-(3-chloro-2-oxopropylsulfanyl)propionate (III), which is condensed with ethyl carbazate (IV) by means of Ts-OH in acetonitrile yielding the corresponding hydrazone (V). The cyclization of (V) with SOCl2 in DMF gives the 1,2,3-thiadiazole (VI), which is condensed with 2-aminoethanethiol (A) by means of NaI in dioxane/water afffording the bis thioether (VII). The protection of the amino group of (VII) with Boc2O yields the carbamate (VIII), which is treated with sodium methoxide in methanol to provide sodium thiolate (IX). The condensation of (IX) with the cephem derivative (X) in ethyl acetate/aqueous NaHCO3 gives the expected addition product (XI), which is further condensed with 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-(trityloxyimino)acetic acid (XII) by means of POCl3 in THF yielding the fully protected target compound (XIII). Finally, this compound is deprotected by treatment with TFA and triethylsilane.
| 【1】 Hecker, S.J.; Fan, A.T.; Ludwikow, M.; Wang, M.; Cho A.; Glinka, T.W.; New anti-MRSA cephalosporins with a basic aminopyridine at the C-7 position. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001, 11, 2, 137. |
| 【2】 Lee, V.J.; Price, M.; Zhang, Z.J.; Fan, A.; Glinka, T.; Chamberland, S.; Cho, A.; Ludwikow, M.; Hecker, S.J.; Liu, N.; Design, synthesis, and SAR of water-soluble dibasic cephalosporins active against resistant Gram-positive bacteria. 39th Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Sept 26 1999, San Francisco) 1999, Abst F392. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | 13186 | 2-Aminoethanethiol; 2-Amino-1-ethanethiol; 2-Aminoethylhydrosulfide; Cysteamine | 60-23-1 | C2H7NS | 详情 | 详情 |
| (I) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 31837 | ethyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate | 5466-06-8 | C5H10O2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 31838 | ethyl 3-[(3-chloro-2-oxopropyl)sulfanyl]propanoate | C8H13ClO3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 12556 | methyl 1-hydrazinecarboxylate; methyl carbazate | 6294-89-9 | C2H6N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 31839 | methyl 2-((E)-2-chloro-1-[[(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)sulfanyl]methyl]ethylidene)-1-hydrazinecarboxylate | C10H17ClN2O4S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 31840 | ethyl 3-[[4-(chloromethyl)-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl]propanoate | C8H11ClN2O2S2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 31841 | ethyl 3-[(4-[[(2-aminoethyl)sulfanyl]methyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]propanoate | C10H17N3O2S3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 31842 | ethyl 3-([4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl)propanoate | C15H25N3O4S3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 31843 | sodium 4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-thiolate | C10H16N3NaO2S3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 15892 | benzhydryl (6R,7R)-7-amino-3-[[methyl(dimethylene)-lambda(6)-sulfanyl]oxy]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C23H24N2O4S2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 31844 | benzhydryl (6R,7R)-7-amino-3-([4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C30H33N5O5S4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 31845 | 2-[3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]phenyl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetic acid | C32H30N2O5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIII) | 31846 | benzhydryl (6R,7R)-3-([4-[([2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]ethyl]sulfanyl)methyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl]sulfanyl)-7-([2-[3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]phenyl]-2-[(trityloxy)imino]acetyl]amino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C62H61N7O9S4 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线10
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)Condensation of 2,6-diaminopyrimidin-4-one (I) with 1,3-dichloroacetone (II) affords the furopyrimidine (III). Subsequent reaction of (III) with tributylphosphine provides the phosphonium salt (IV). Treatment of 4-hydroxypropiophenone (V) with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride leads to the aryl triflate (VI). This is then subjected to palladium-catalyzed carbonylation under modified Gerlach's conditions to furnish ethyl 4-propionylbenzoate (VII). Wittig condensation between the phosphorane derived from (IV) and keto ester (VII) produces olefin (VIIIa-b) as a mixture of Z/E isomers. Subsequent hydrogenation of (VIIIa-b) over Pd/C gives (IX). The methyl ester group of (IX) is hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions to afford acid (X), which is then activated as the mixed anhydride (XI) with isobutyl chloroformate and triethylamine.
| 【1】 Mcguire, J.J.; Zeng, Y.; Gangjee, A.; Kisliuk, R.L.; Synthesis of N-[4-[ethyl-2-(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid as an antifolate. J Med Chem 2002, 45, 9, 1942. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (VIIIa) | 58984 | methyl 4-[(Z)-2-(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)-1-ethylethenyl]benzoate | C18H18N4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIIIb) | 58985 | methyl 4-[(E)-2-(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)-1-ethylethenyl]benzoate | C18H18N4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 14277 | 2,6-Diamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone | C4H6N4O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 63907 | 1,3-dichloroacetone | C3H4Cl2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 18884 | 5-(chloromethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine; 2-amino-5-(chloromethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine | C7H7ClN4O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 58981 | tributyl[(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]phosphonium chloride | C19H34ClN4OP | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 58982 | 4'-Hydroxypropiophenone; 4-Hydroxypropiophenone; Ethyl 4-Hydroxyphenyl ktone; p-Hydroxypropiophenone; Paroxypropione | 70-70-2 | C9H10O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VI) | 58983 | 4-propionylphenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate | C10H9F3O4S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 11008 | methyl 4-propionylbenzoate | C11H12O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 58988 | methyl 4-{1-[(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]propyl}benzoate | C18H20N4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 58986 | 4-{1-[(2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]propyl}benzoic acid | C17H18N4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 58987 | C22H26N4O5 | 详情 | 详情 |