【结 构 式】 |
【药物名称】Aprepitant, MK-869, MK-0869, L-754030, Emend 【化学名称】5-[2(R)-[1(R)-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]-3(S)-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholin-4-ylmethyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one 【CA登记号】170729-80-3, 170902-81-5 ((1S)-isomer), 221350-96-5 (deleted CAS), 172822-28-5 (stereoisomer), 172822-29-6 (stereoisomer) 【 分 子 式 】C23H21F7N4O3 【 分 子 量 】534.43762 |
【开发单位】Merck & Co. (Originator) 【药理作用】Antidepressants, Mood Disorders, Treatment of, Nausea and Vomiting, Treatment of, NEUROLOGIC DRUGS, PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGIC DRUGS, Tachykinin NK1 Antagonists |
合成路线1
【1】 Cowden CJ, Wilson RD, Bishop BC, et a1.2000,Anew synthesis of l.2.4-triuolin-5-onest application to the convergent synthesis of an NKl antagorust.Tetrahedron Lett, 41: 8661~8664 |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(VI) | 18293 | (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl ether; (2R,3S)-2-([(1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]oxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine | 171482-05-6 | C20H18F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXVI) | 44196 | 5-(chloromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | C3H4ClN3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXVIII) | 44197 | 2-chloro-1,1-dimethoxyethyl methyl ether; 2-chloro-1,1,1-trimethoxyethane | C5H11ClO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXIII) | 66096 | hydrazinecarboxamide hydrochloride | CH6ClN3O | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
【1】 Brands KMJ, Payack JF, Rosen JD, et aL 2007. Efficient synthesis of NKl receptor antagonist aprepitant usinga crlrstallization-induced diastereoselective tnnsfonnationJ Am Chem Soc, 125 (8):2129~2135 |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(XXXXVII) | 66099 | bis(trifluoromethyl) carbonate | C3F6O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXIV) | 66097 | 4-benzylmorpholine-2,3-dione | C11H11NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXV) | 66098 | 4-benzyl-2-hydroxydihydro-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one | C12H14O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXVI) | 40779 | 1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-ethanol | 368-63-8 | C10H8F6O | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXXVIII) | 66100 | (R)-4-benzyl-2-((S)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)morpholin-3-one | C21H19F6NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXIX) | 53297 | (2R)-4-benzyl-2-({(1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}oxy)-3-morpholinone | n/a | C21H19F6NO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XL) | 13643 | 4-fluorophenyl magnesium bromide;Bromo(4-fluorophenyl)magnesium;bromo(p-fluorophenyl)Magnesium;p-Fluorophenylmagnesium bromide | 352-13-6 | C6H4BrFMg | 详情 | 详情 |
(XLI) | 66101 | (2R)-2-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine | C20H18F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLII) | 66102 | methyl 2-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)hydrazinecarboxylate | 155742-64-6 | C4H8ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
【1】 Zhao MM, McNamara JM, Ho GJ, et aL 2002. Practical aaymmetric synthesis of aprepitant,apotmt Human NK-1 receptor anUylonist, viaa stereoselective lewis acid-catalyzed trans aoetalization rraction- J Org Chem, 67 (19)t 6743~6747 |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(XLIV) | 13188 | ethyl 3-chloro-3-oxopropanoate; 2-Ethoxycarbonylacetyl chloride; Ethyl malonyl chloride | 36239-09-5 | C5H7ClO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XLVI) | 66104 | 2-oxo-2-((1-phenylethyl)amino)acetic acid | C10H11NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLVII) | 11972 | (1R)-3-(Methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol; (R)-3-Hydroxy-N-methyl-3-phenyl propylamine | 42142-52-9 | C10H15NO | 详情 | 详情 |
(XLVIII) | 66105 | 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-((S)-1-phenylethyl)morpholin-2-one hydrochloride | C18H19FClNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLIX) | 66106 | 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-((R)-1-phenylethyl)morpholin-2-ol | C18H20FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(L) | 66107 | (2S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-((S)-1-phenylethyl)morpholin-2-yl 2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate | C20H20FCl3N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(LI) | 66108 | (R)-1-(3,5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol | C10H8F6O | 详情 | 详情 | |
(LII) | 66109 | (3R)-2-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-((R)-1-phenylethyl)morpholine | C28H26F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLI) | 66101 | (2R)-2-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine | C20H18F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(LIII) | 66110 | 6-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazine | C20H16F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(LIV) | 66111 | 2-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine hydrochloride | C20H19ClF7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(X) | 18999 | 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid; 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetic acid | 405-50-5 | C8H7FO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXVI) | 44196 | 5-(chloromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | C3H4ClN3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLIII) | 66103 | 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,2-dihydroxyethanone | C8H7FO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XLV) | 10039 | (1R)-1-Phenylethylamine; (1R)-1-Phenyl-1-ethanamine.; L-alpha-Phenylethylamine | 3886-69-9 | C8H11N | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
Reduction of morpholinone (I) with L-Selectride in THF at -78 C produced the intermediate lactol (II), which was condensed at low temperature with 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride (III) to afford acyl acetal (IV). Further reaction with dimethyl titanocene in THF-toluene at 80 C provided enol ether (V). Catalytic hydrogenation of the double bond, with concomitant N-benzyl group hydrogenolysis, yielded a 8:1 mixture of diastereomers, from which the major isomer (VI) was isolated by column chromatography. Alkylation of morpholine (VI) with N-methoxycarbonyl-2-chloroacetamidrazone (VII) (obtained by reaction of chloroacetonitrile (IX) with NaOMe and methyl carbazate in MeOH) in the presence of N-ethyl diisopropylamine (DIEA) in acetonitrile gave the intermediate (VIII), which was finally cyclized to the desired triazolone in refluxing xylene.
【1】 Castaner, J.; Silvestre, J.S.; Bayes, M.; Sorbera, L.A.; Aprepitant and L-758298. Drugs Fut 2002, 27, 3, 211. |
【2】 Cowden, C.J.; et al.; A new synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-ones: Application to the convergent synthesis of an NK1 antagonist. Tetrahedron Lett 2000, 41, 44, 8661. |
【4】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G.; Ladduwahetty, T.; Shah, S.K. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Morpholine and thiomorpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0577394; JP 1994172178; US 5719147; WO 9400440; WO 9516679 . |
【5】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Prodrugs of morpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0748320; JP 1997509935; US 5691336; WO 9523798 . |
【6】 MacCoss, M.; Hale, J.J.; Mills, S.G.; et al.; Phosphorylated morpholine acetal human neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists as water-soluble prodrugs. J Med Chem 2000, 43, 6, 1234. |
【7】 Dolling, U.H.; Wilson, R.D.; Hands, D.; Cottrell, I.F. (Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd.); Chemical synthesis of morpholine derivs.. WO 9965900 . |
【8】 Cowden, C.J. (Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd.); Process for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-one derivs.. WO 0196315 . |
【3】 Hale, J.J.; Mills, S.G.; MacCoss, M.; Finke, P.E.; Cascieri, M.A.; Sadowski, S.; Ber, E.; Chicchi, G.G.; Kurtz, M.; Metzger, J.; Eiermann, G.; Tsou, N.N.; Tattersall, F.D.; Rupniak, N.M.; Williams, A.R.; Rycroft, W.; Hargreaves, R.; MacIntyre, D.E.; Structural optimization affording 2-(R)-(1-(R)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylethoxy)-3(S)-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4-(3-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methylmorpholine, a potent, orally active, long-acting morpholine acetal human NK-1 receptor antagonist. J Med Chem 1998, 41, 23, 4607. |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(I) | 18288 | (3S)-4-benzyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-morpholinone | C17H16FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(II) | 18289 | (2S,3S)-4-benzyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-morpholinol | C17H18FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(III) | 18290 | 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride | 785-56-8 | C9H3ClF6O | 详情 | 详情 |
(IV) | 18291 | (2R,3S)-4-benzyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoate | C26H20F7NO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(V) | 18292 | (2R,3S)-4-benzyl-2-([1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]vinyl]oxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine; (2R,3S)-4-benzyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl 1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]vinyl ether | C27H22F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(VI) | 18293 | (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl ether; (2R,3S)-2-([(1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]oxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine | 171482-05-6 | C20H18F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(VII) | 18294 | methyl (Z)-2-chloro-1-hydrazinoethylidenecarbamate | C4H8ClN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(VIII) | 18295 | methyl (Z)-2-[(2R,3S)-2-([(1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]oxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl]-1-hydrazinoethylidenecarbamate | C24H25F7N4O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(IX) | 14443 | 2-chloroacetonitrile; chloroacetonitrile | 107-14-2 | C2H2ClN | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线5
Synthesis of morpholine intermediate (I): Treatment of 4-fluorophenyl acetic acid (X) with trimethylacetyl chloride (XI) and Et3N in Et2O followed by reaction with 4-(S)-benzyl-2-oxazolidinone (XII) in THF and n-BuLi in hexane affords oxazolidinone derivative (XIII). Conversion of (XIII) into azido derivative (XV) is achieved by first treatment of (XIII) in THF with a potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide solution in toluene followed by treatment with 2,4,6-triisopropylphenylsulfonyl azide (XIV) in THF. Hydrolysis of azido-oxazolidinone derivative (XV) by means of LiOH in THF/H2O yields azido acetic acid derivative (XVI), which is then hydrogenated over Pd/C in H2O/HOAc to afford (S)-(4-fluorophenyl)glycine (XVII). Treatment of (S)-(4-fluorophenyl)glycine (XVII) with benzaldehyde (XVIII), NaOH and NaBH4 in MeOH yields N-benzyl (S)-(4-fluorophenyl)glycine (XIX), which is then cyclized with 1,2-dibromoethane (XX) in the presence of DIEA in DMF to furnish morpholine intermediate (I).
【1】 Castaner, J.; Silvestre, J.S.; Bayes, M.; Sorbera, L.A.; Aprepitant and L-758298. Drugs Fut 2002, 27, 3, 211. |
【2】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Prodrugs of morpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0748320; JP 1997509935; US 5691336; WO 9523798 . |
【3】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G.; Ladduwahetty, T.; Shah, S.K. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Morpholine and thiomorpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0577394; JP 1994172178; US 5719147; WO 9400440; WO 9516679 . |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(I) | 18288 | (3S)-4-benzyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-morpholinone | C17H16FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(X) | 18999 | 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid; 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetic acid | 405-50-5 | C8H7FO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XI) | 13597 | 2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl chloride; Pivaloyl chloride | 3282-30-2 | C5H9ClO | 详情 | 详情 |
(XII) | 14694 | (S)-4-Benzyl-2-oxazolidinone; (4S)-4-Benzyl-1,3-oxazolan-2-one; (S)-(-)-4-Benzyl-2-oxazolidinone | 90719-32-7 | C10H11NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XIII) | 44186 | (4S)-4-benzyl-3-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one | C18H16FNO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XIV) | 44187 | 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl azide | C15H23N3O2S | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XV) | 44188 | (4S)-3-[(2S)-2-azido-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanoyl]-4-benzyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one | C18H15FN4O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XVI) | 44189 | (2S)-2-azido-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanoic acid | C8H6FN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XVII) | 43098 | (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanoic acid | 7292-73-1 | C8H8FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XVIII) | 10498 | Benzaldehyde;Benzoic aldehyde;Phenylmethanal | 100-52-7 | C7H6O | 详情 | 详情 |
(XIX) | 44190 | (2S)-2-(benzylamino)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanoic acid | C15H14FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XX) | 10252 | 1,2-Dibromoethane; Ethylene dibromide | 106-93-4 | C2H4Br2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线6
Alternatively (XVII) can be obtained as follows: Reaction of 4-fluorophenyl acetic (X) with thionyl chloride in toluene in the presence of DMF provides 4-fluorophenyl acetyl chloride (XXII), which is treated with bromine and light irradiation followed by reaction with methanol to furnish methyl bromoacetate derivative (XXIII). Treatment of (XXIII) with benzyl triethylammonium chloride (XXIV) and NaN3 in MeOH followed by hydrogenation over Pd/C in MeOH gives methyl glycine derivative (XXV) in a racemic mixture, from which (XVII) is obtained by crystallization of the corresponding dibenzoyl tartaric (DBT) salts followed by salt hydrolysis by means of refluxing HCl.
【1】 Castaner, J.; Silvestre, J.S.; Bayes, M.; Sorbera, L.A.; Aprepitant and L-758298. Drugs Fut 2002, 27, 3, 211. |
【2】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Prodrugs of morpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0748320; JP 1997509935; US 5691336; WO 9523798 . |
【3】 Dorn, C.P.; Hale, J.J.; Maccoss, M.; Mills, S.G.; Ladduwahetty, T.; Shah, S.K. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Morpholine and thiomorpholine tachykinin receptor antagonists. EP 0577394; JP 1994172178; US 5719147; WO 9400440; WO 9516679 . |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(X) | 18999 | 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid; 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetic acid | 405-50-5 | C8H7FO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XVII) | 43098 | (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanoic acid | 7292-73-1 | C8H8FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXII) | 37014 | 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl chloride | 459-04-1 | C8H6ClFO | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXIII) | 44191 | methyl 2-bromo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate | C9H8BrFO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXIV) | 31937 | Triethylbenzylammonium chloride; N-benzyl-N,N-diethyl-1-ethanaminium chloride; Benzyltriethylammonium chloride | 56-37-1 | C13H22ClN | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXV) | 44192 | methyl 2-amino-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate | C9H10FNO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线7
Synthesis of 250157: Alternatively, the final compound can be obtained by direct condensation of (VI) with chlorotriazolinone (XXVI) in DMF/H2O in the presence of K2CO3 or DIEA. For the obtention of (XXVI), two routes can be followed: 1. Reaction of semicarbazide (XXVII) with orthoester (XXVIII) in MeOH; and 2. Condensation of semicarbazide (XXVII) with benzyloxyacetyl chloride (XXIX) in THF/H2O in the presence of NaOH to provide adduct (XXX), which is then cyclized by means of refluxing NaOH to afford triazolinone (XXXI). Debenzylation of (XXXI) by hydrogenation over Pd/C in MeOH/H2O yields alcohol (XXXII), which is finally treated with thionyl chloride.
【1】 Castaner, J.; Silvestre, J.S.; Bayes, M.; Sorbera, L.A.; Aprepitant and L-758298. Drugs Fut 2002, 27, 3, 211. |
【2】 Cowden, C.J.; et al.; A new synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-ones: Application to the convergent synthesis of an NK1 antagonist. Tetrahedron Lett 2000, 41, 44, 8661. |
【3】 Cowden, C.J. (Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd.); Process for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-one derivs.. WO 0196315 . |
【4】 Dolling, U.H.; Wilson, R.D.; Hands, D.; Cottrell, I.F. (Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd.); Chemical synthesis of morpholine derivs.. WO 9965900 . |
中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(VI) | 18293 | (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholinyl ether; (2R,3S)-2-([(1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]oxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholine | 171482-05-6 | C20H18F7NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXVI) | 44196 | 5-(chloromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | C3H4ClN3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXVII) | 23944 | 1-Hydrazinecarboxamide | 563-41-7 | CH5N3O | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXVIII) | 44197 | 2-chloro-1,1-dimethoxyethyl methyl ether; 2-chloro-1,1,1-trimethoxyethane | C5H11ClO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXIX) | 10493 | 2-(Benzyloxy)acetyl chloride; Benzyloxyacetyl chloride | 19810-31-2 | C9H9ClO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
(XXX) | 44193 | 2-[2-(benzyloxy)acetyl]-1-hydrazinecarboxamide | C10H13N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXI) | 44194 | 5-[(benzyloxy)methyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | C10H11N3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
(XXXII) | 44195 | 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | C3H5N3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |