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【结 构 式】 
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【分子编号】42918 【品名】Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene 【CA登记号】503-38-8 |
【 分 子 式 】C2Cl4O2 【 分 子 量 】197.8316 【元素组成】C 12.14% Cl 71.68% O 16.17% |
合成路线1
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)The reaction of 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-one (I) with trichloromethyl chloroformate (II) in THF gives 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbonyl chloride (III), which is then condensed with endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]octan-3-amine (IV) in THF.
| 【1】 Turconi, M.; Schiantarelli, P.; Borsini, F.; Rizzi, C.A.; Ladinsky, H.; Donetti, A.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolones: Interaction with serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors and potential therapeutic implications. Drugs Fut 1991, 16, 11, 1011. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 42923 | 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one | 615-16-7 | C7H6N2O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 42924 | 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-1-carbonyl chloride | C8H5ClN2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 19105 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ylamine; (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-amine | C8H16N2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)This compound has been obtained by two different ways: 1. The reaction of 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-one (I) with trichloromethyl chloroformate (II) in THF gives 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbonyl chloride (III), which is condensed with endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]octan-3-amine (IV) in THF, yielding the corresponding amide (V). Finally, this compound is alkylated with ethyl chloride (VI) and NaH in DMF. 2. The condensation of 2-nitrophenyl isocyanate (VII) with endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]octan-3-amine (IV) in THF/cyclohexane gives the corresponding 2-nitrophenylurea (VIII), which is reduced with H2 over Pd/C in ethanol to yield the 2-aminophenylurea (IX). The acylation of (IX) with phenyl chloroformate (X) in toluene affords the carbamate (XI), which is cyclized by means of NaOH in ethanol to afford the amide (V). Finally, this compound is alkylated with ethyl chloride (VI) and NaH in DMF.
| 【1】 Turconi, M.; Schiantarelli, P.; Borsini, F.; Rizzi, C.A.; Ladinsky, H.; Donetti, A.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolones: Interaction with serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors and potential therapeutic implications. Drugs Fut 1991, 16, 11, 1011. |
| 【2】 Turconi, M.; et al.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolone derivatives: A novel class of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. 199th ACS Natl Meet (April 22 1990, Boston) 1990, Abst MEDI 103. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 42923 | 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one | 615-16-7 | C7H6N2O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 42924 | 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-1-carbonyl chloride | C8H5ClN2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 19105 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ylamine; (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-amine | C8H16N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 42925 | N-[(1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-1-carboxamide | C16H20N4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 42926 | 1-chloroethane | 75-00-3 | C2H5Cl | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)The reaction of 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-one (I) with trichloromethyl chloroformate (II) in THF gives 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbonyl chloride (III), which is condensed with endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]octan-3-amine (IV) in THF, yielding the corresponding amide (V). Finally, this compound is alkylated with isopropyl bromide (VI) and NaH in DMF.
| 【1】 Turconi, M.; et al.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolone derivatives: A novel class of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. 199th ACS Natl Meet (April 22 1990, Boston) 1990, Abst MEDI 103. |
| 【2】 Turconi, M.; Schiantarelli, P.; Borsini, F.; Rizzi, C.A.; Ladinsky, H.; Donetti, A.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolones: Interaction with serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors and potential therapeutic implications. Drugs Fut 1991, 16, 11, 1011. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 42923 | 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one | 615-16-7 | C7H6N2O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 42924 | 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-1-carbonyl chloride | C8H5ClN2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 19105 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ylamine; (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-amine | C8H16N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 42925 | N-[(1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-1-carboxamide | C16H20N4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 29984 | 2-chloropropane | 75-29-6 | C3H7Cl | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)The esterification of endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]octan-3-ol (I) with trichloromethyl chloroformate (II) in acetonitrile gives the corresponding chloroformate (III), which is condensed with 5-methoxy-2-nitroaniline (IV) in pyridine, yielding the carbamate (V). The hydrogenation of the nitro group of (V) with H2 over Pd/C in methanol affords the expected amino derivative (VI). Finally, this compound is cyclized with trichloromethyl chloroformate (II) and Et3N in THF.
| 【1】 Turconi, M.; Schiantarelli, P.; Borsini, F.; Rizzi, C.A.; Ladinsky, H.; Donetti, A.; Azabicycloalkyl benzimidazolones: Interaction with serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors and potential therapeutic implications. Drugs Fut 1991, 16, 11, 1011. |
| 【2】 Turconi, M.; et al.; Synthesis of a new class of 2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazole-1-carboxylic acid derivatives as highly potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 1990, 33, 8, 2101. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 27768 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol | 120-29-6 | C8H15NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 42919 | (1R,5S)-3-[(chlorocarbonyl)oxy]-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane | C9H14ClNO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 42920 | 5-methoxy-2-nitrophenylamine; 5-methoxy-2-nitroaniline | 16133-49-6 | C7H8N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 42921 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl 5-methoxy-2-nitrophenylcarbamate | C16H21N3O5 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 42922 | (1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl 2-amino-5-methoxyphenylcarbamate | C16H23N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线5
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：2) The condensation of 7-(formamido)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid diphenylmethyl ester (XV) with trichloromethyl chloroformate and dimethylamine in THF gives the corresponding dimethylcarbamoyloxy derivative (XVI), which is hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid and anisole to the corresponding acid (as Na salt) (XVII). The esterification of (XVII) with 1-(isopropoxycarbonyloxy)ethyl iodide (XIV) in DMF as before affords the corresponding ester (XVIII), which is deformylated with HCl in methanol/THF to the 7-amino derivative (XIX). The acylation of (XIX) with 4-bromo-3-oxobutyryl bromide (XX) (obtained from diketene (XXI) with Br2) by means of bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide in dichloromethane affords the 7-(4-bromo-3-oxobutyramido)-derivative (XXII), which is treated with NaNO2 and acetic acid to obtain the hydroxyimino compound (XXIII). Finally, this compound is cyclized with thiourea in dimethylacetamide. 3) The 7-amino cephem derivative (XIX) can also be acylated with 4-chloro-3-oxobutyryl chloride (XXV) (obtained from diketene (XXI) with Cl2) to yield the 7-(4-chloro-3-oxobutyramido)-derivative (XXVI), which is treated with amyl nitrite and acetyl chloride to afford the hydroxyimino compound (XXVII). Finally, this compound is cyclized with thiourea as before.
| 【1】 Negi, S.; et al.; Studies on orally active cephalosporins. I. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new 3-substituted carbamoyloxymethyl cephalosporins. J Antibiot 1994, 47, 12, 1507-25. |
| 【2】 Fromtling, R.A.; Castaner, J.; E-1101. Drugs Fut 1995, 20, 8, 766. |
| 【3】 Negi, S.; Yamanaka, M.; Katsu, K.; Sugiyama, I.; Komatu, Y.; Kamata, A.; Tsuruoka, A.; Machida, Y. (Eisai Co., Ltd.); 7-Acyl-3-(substd. carbamoyloxy)cephem cpds., use thereof and process for their preparation. EP 0484966; EP 0761671; JP 1992178392; JP 1992282388; JP 1993311173; JP 1993311174; JP 1994092969; JP 1998067784; US 5559225; US 5587473; US 5604217 . |
| 【4】 Negi, S.; Yamanaka, M.; Sugiyama, I.; et al.; E1101, a new oral cephalosporin: I. Synthesis and structure-activity relations of 3-substituted carbamoyloxymethyl cephems. 33rd Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Oct 17-20, New Orleans) 1993, Abst 894. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19443 | N-methylmethanamine; N,N-dimethylamine | 124-40-3 | C2H7N | 详情 | 详情 | |
| 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIV) | 15685 | 1-iodoethyl isopropyl carbonate | C6H11IO3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XV) | 15686 | benzhydryl 7-(formylamino)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C22H20N2O5S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVI) | 64676 | diphenylmethyl 3-({[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy}methyl)-7-(formylamino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C25H25N3O6S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVII) | 15687 | 7-(Formamido)-3-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid sodium salt | C12H14N3NaO6S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVIII) | 15689 | 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl 3-([[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]methyl)-7-(formylamino)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C18H25N3O9S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIX) | 15690 | 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl 7-amino-3-([[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C17H25N3O8S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XX) | 15691 | 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoyl bromide | C4H4Br2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXI) | 11367 | 4-Methylene-2-oxetanone; Acetyl ketene | 674-82-8 | C4H4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXII) | 15693 | 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl 7-[(4-bromo-3-oxobutanoyl)amino]-3-([[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C21H28BrN3O10S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIII) | 64677 | 1-({[(1-methylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}oxy)ethyl 7-{[4-bromo-2-(hydroxyimino)-3-oxobutanoyl]amino}-3-({[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy}methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C21H27BrN4O11S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXIV) | 10180 | Thiourea | 62-56-6 | CH4N2S | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XXV) | 15696 | 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoyl chloride | C4H4Cl2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVI) | 15697 | 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl 7-[(4-chloro-3-oxobutanoyl)amino]-3-([[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C21H28ClN3O10S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXVII) | 15698 | 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl 7-[[4-chloro-2-(hydroxyimino)-3-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-([[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate | C21H27ClN4O11S | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线6
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(XI)Esterification of urocanic acid (I) by means of HCl in MeOH affords methyl ester (II), which is then hydrogenated over Pd/C in MeOH to provide compound (III). Protection of the imidazole ring of (III) with triphenylmethyl chloride (trityl chloride) (IV) and Et3N in acetonitrile yields derivative (V), whose carboxylate moiety is reduced with LiAlH4 in refluxing THF to give alcohol (VI). Trityl removal from compound (VI) with HCl in refluxing EtOH furnishes hydrochloride (VII), which is finally converted into the desired product by condensation in refluxing acetonitrile with isocyanate (VIII) (which in turn can be obtained either by treatment of carboxylic acid (IX) with diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) and Et3N in refluxing dioxane or by reaction of amine (X) with diphosgene (XI) and catalytic charcoal in refluxing ethyl acetate).
| 【1】 Stark, H.; et al.; [125I]Iodoproxyfan and related compounds: A reversible radioligand and novel classes of antagonists with high affinity and selectivity for the histamine H3 receptor. J Med Chem 1996, 39, 6, 1220. |
| 【2】 Sasse, A.; Reidemeister, S.; Stark, H.; et al.; Novel partial agonists for the histamine H3 receptor with high in vitro and in vivo activity. J Med Chem 1999, 42, 20, 4269. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 27420 | Urocanic acid; (E)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-propenoic acid | 104-98-3 | C6H6N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 39976 | methyl (E)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-propenoate | C7H8N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 39977 | methyl 3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate | C7H10N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 28630 | Triphenylchloromethane; 1-[Chloro(diphenyl)methyl]benzene; Trityl chloride | 76-83-5 | C19H15Cl | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 47602 | methyl 3-(1-trityl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate | C26H24N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 27424 | 3-(1-trityl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-propanol | C25H24N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 21245 | 3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-propanol | C6H10N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 47603 | (1S)-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl isocyanate; (3S)-3-isocyanato-2,2-dimethylbutane | C7H13NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 47604 | (2S)-2,3,3-trimethylbutyric acid | C7H14O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 47605 | (1S)-1,2,2-trimethylpropylamine; (2S)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanamine | 22526-47-2 | C6H15N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XI) | 42918 | Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester; di-Phosgene; Chloroformic Acid, Trichloromethyl Ester; Trichloromethyl chloroformate; Diphosgene | 503-38-8 | C2Cl4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |