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【结 构 式】 
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【分子编号】25580 【品名】3-amino-2-methylpropanenitrile 【CA登记号】 |
【 分 子 式 】C4H8N2 【 分 子 量 】84.121 【元素组成】C 57.11% H 9.59% N 33.3% |
合成路线1
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(II)The title compound was prepared by reacting 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoyl chloride (I) with alpha-methyl-beta-aminopropionitrile (II) in DMF and subsequently by treatment of the intermediary amine (III) with N-acetylmorpholine (IV) to yield the nitrile (V), which was then hydrolyzed with HCl.
| 【1】 Koch, H.; Iomorinic acid. Drugs Fut 1983, 8, 10, 855. |
| 【2】 Obendorf, W.; Schwarzinger, E.; Krieger, J.; Lindner, I.; DE 2235935; DE 3000215 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 36221 | 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoyl chloride | C7H3ClI3NO | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 25580 | 3-amino-2-methylpropanenitrile | C4H8N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 36222 | 3-amino-N-(2-cyanopropyl)-2,4,6-triiodobenzamide | C11H10I3N3O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 36224 | 1-(4-morpholinyl)-1-ethanone | 1696-20-4 | C6H11NO2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (V) | 36223 | N-(2-cyanopropyl)-2,4,6-triiodo-3-[[(E)-1-(4-morpholinyl)ethylidene]amino]benzamide | C17H19I3N4O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)Michael addition of acrylonitrile (II) to 2-methyl-3-aminopropionitrile (I) gave dinitrile (III), which was cyclized to piperidone (IV) under Thorpe-Ziegler conditions. After protection of (IV) as the carbamate (V), hydrolysis of the nitrile with 85% H2SO4 provided ketoamide (VI). This was converted to enamine (VII) by condensation with benzylamine in refluxing xylene. Subsequent treatment of (VII) with H2S in DMF, followed by bromine in AcOH furnished isothiazole (VIII). The ethoxycarbonyl group of (VIII) was then replaced for a tert-butoxycarbonyl group by hydrolysis with HBr in AcOH to (IX), and then reaction with Boc2O to give a N,O-di-Boc intermediate, which was further treated with K2CO3 in MeOH to afford (X). After alkylation of the hydroxyl group of (X) with propargyl bromide (XI), the tert-butyl carbamate was removed with ethereal HCl to yield the racemic isothiazolopyridine (XII). Finally, the (S)-(+)-enantiomer of (XII) was resolved by crystallization as the diastereomeric salt with D-(+)-dibenzoyltartaric acid and, after liberation of the base with NaOH, was isolated as the fumarate salt.
| 【1】 Pedersen, H.; et al.; Synthesis and muscarinic receptor pharmacology of a series of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine bioisosteres of arecoline. Bioorg Med Chem 1999, 7, 5, 795. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11229 | 1-[(Chlorocarbonyl)oxy]ethane;ethyl carbonochloridate; Carbonchloridic acid ethyl ester;Ethyl chloroformate;Ethyl chlorocarbonate | 541-41-3 | C3H5ClO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| 15147 | Benzylamine; Phenylmethanamine | 100-46-9 | C7H9N | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 25580 | 3-amino-2-methylpropanenitrile | C4H8N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 10847 | Acrylonitrile | 107-13-1 | C3H3N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 25581 | 3-[(2-cyanoethyl)amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile | C7H11N3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 25582 | 5-methyl-4-oxo-3-piperidinecarbonitrile | C7H10N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 25583 | ethyl 3-cyano-5-methyl-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate | C10H14N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 25584 | ethyl 3-(aminocarbonyl)-5-methyl-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate | C10H16N2O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 25585 | ethyl 5-(aminocarbonyl)-4-(benzylamino)-3-methyl-3,6-dihydro-1(2H)-pyridinecarboxylate | C17H23N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 25586 | ethyl 3-hydroxy-7-methyl-6,7-dihydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | C10H14N2O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 25587 | 7-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-ol | C7H10N2OS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 25588 | tert-butyl 3-hydroxy-7-methyl-6,7-dihydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | C12H18N2O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 11176 | 3-Bromopropyne; 3-Bromo-1-propyne | 106-96-7 | C3H3Br | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 25589 | 7-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-yl 2-propynyl ether | C10H12N2OS | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(I)Michael addition of acrylonitrile (II) to 2-methyl-3-aminopropionitrile (I) gave dinitrile (III), which was cyclized to piperidone (IV) under Thorpe-Ziegler conditions. After protection of (IV) as the carbamate (V), hydrolysis of the nitrile with 85% H2SO4 provided ketoamide (VI). This was converted to enamine (VII) by condensation with benzylamine in refluxing xylene. Subsequent treatment of (VII) with H2S in DMF, followed by bromine in AcOH furnished isothiazole (VIII). The ethoxycarbonyl group of (VIII) was then replaced for a tert-butoxycarbonyl group by hydrolysis with HBr in AcOH to (IX), and then reaction with Boc2O to give a N,O-di-Boc intermediate, which was further treated with K2CO3 in MeOH to afford (X). After alkylation of the hydroxyl group of (X) with propargyl bromide (XI), the tert-butyl carbamate was removed with ethereal HCl to yield the racemic isothiazolopyridine (XII). Finally, the (R)-(-)-enantiomer of (XII) was resolved by crystallization as the diastereomeric salt with L-(-)-dibenzoyltartaric acid and, after liberation of the base with NaOH, was isolated as the fumarate salt .
| 【1】 Pedersen, H.; et al.; Synthesis and muscarinic receptor pharmacology of a series of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine bioisosteres of arecoline. Bioorg Med Chem 1999, 7, 5, 795. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11229 | 1-[(Chlorocarbonyl)oxy]ethane;ethyl carbonochloridate; Carbonchloridic acid ethyl ester;Ethyl chloroformate;Ethyl chlorocarbonate | 541-41-3 | C3H5ClO2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| 15147 | Benzylamine; Phenylmethanamine | 100-46-9 | C7H9N | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (I) | 25580 | 3-amino-2-methylpropanenitrile | C4H8N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (II) | 10847 | Acrylonitrile | 107-13-1 | C3H3N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 25581 | 3-[(2-cyanoethyl)amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile | C7H11N3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 25582 | 5-methyl-4-oxo-3-piperidinecarbonitrile | C7H10N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 25583 | ethyl 3-cyano-5-methyl-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate | C10H14N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 25584 | ethyl 3-(aminocarbonyl)-5-methyl-4-oxo-1-piperidinecarboxylate | C10H16N2O4 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 25585 | ethyl 5-(aminocarbonyl)-4-(benzylamino)-3-methyl-3,6-dihydro-1(2H)-pyridinecarboxylate | C17H23N3O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VIII) | 25586 | ethyl 3-hydroxy-7-methyl-6,7-dihydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | C10H14N2O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IX) | 25587 | 7-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-ol | C7H10N2OS | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (X) | 25588 | tert-butyl 3-hydroxy-7-methyl-6,7-dihydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | C12H18N2O3S | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XI) | 11176 | 3-Bromopropyne; 3-Bromo-1-propyne | 106-96-7 | C3H3Br | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XII) | 25589 | 7-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-yl 2-propynyl ether | C10H12N2OS | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线4
该中间体在本合成路线中的序号：(III)Aldol condensation of 4-cyanobenzaldehyde (II) with 4-cyano-acetophenone (I) in methanolic NaOH furnished chalcone (III). Subsequent addition of bromine to (III) gave dibromide (IV). This was treated with NaOMe to produce the intermediate enol ether (V), which was then condensed with the ylide generated from trimethylsulfonium iodide and NaH to afford the 2,4-diarylfuran (VI). Acid-catalyzed addition of EtOH to (VI) provided the corresponding bis(imidate) (VII). Further reaction of (VII) with isopropylamine yielded the target amidine, which was isolated as the dihydrochloride salt.
| 【1】 Francesconi, I.; et al.; 2,4-Diphenyl furan diamidines as novel anti-pneumocystis carinii pneumonia agents. J Med Chem 1999, 42, 12, 2260. |
| 【2】 Boykin, D.W.; Francesconi, I.; Tidwell, R.R.; Wilson, D.W. (Georgia State University; University of North Carolina); 2,4-Bis (4-amidino)phenyl furans as anti-Pneumocystis carinii agents. EP 0941991; GB 2334716; US 6008247 . |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I) | 25849 | 4-acetylbenzonitrile | 1443-80-7 | C9H7NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (II) | 17552 | 4-formylbenzonitrile; 4-Cyanobenzaldehyde | 105-07-7 | C8H5NO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 25580 | 3-amino-2-methylpropanenitrile | C4H8N2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 25851 | 4-[2,3-dibromo-3-(4-cyanophenyl)propanoyl]benzonitrile | C17H10Br2N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (V) | 25852 | 4-[(Z)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-methoxy-2-propenoyl]benzonitrile | C18H12N2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 25853 | 4-[4-(4-cyanophenyl)-2-furyl]benzonitrile | C18H10N2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 25854 | ethyl 4-(4-[4-[ethoxy(imino)methyl]phenyl]-2-furyl)benzenecarboximidoate | C22H22N2O3 | 详情 | 详情 |