• English
  • 简体中文
Login Register
Current Location: Home > Feedback Help Print

【结 构 式】

【药物名称】Indinavir sulfate, MK-639, L-735524, Crixivan

【化学名称】2(R)-Benzyl-5-[2(S)-(N-tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-(3-pyridylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-4(S)-hydroxy-N-[2(R)-hydroxyindan-1(S)-yl]pentanamide sulfate (1:1)
      N-tert-Butyl-1-[2(S)-hydroxy-4(R)-[N-[2(R)-hydroxyindan-1(S)-yl]carbamoyl]-5-phenylpentyl]-4-(3-pyridylmethyl)piperazine-2(S)-carboxamide sulfate (1:1)

【CA登记号】157810-81-6, 150378-17-9 (free base), 180683-37-8 (hydrate)

【 分 子 式 】C36H49N5O8S

【 分 子 量 】711.88463

【开发单位】Merck & Co. (Originator), Banyu (Not Determined)

【药理作用】AIDS Medicines, Anti-HIV Agents, ANTIINFECTIVE THERAPY, HIV Protease Inhibitors

合成路线1

1) The reaction of cis-(1S,2R)-indanediol (I) with acetonitrile and concentrated H2SO4 gives cis-(1S,2R)-1-aminoindan-2-ol (II), which is cyclocondensed with 3-phenylpropionyl chloride (III), isopropenyl methyl ether and triethylamine to yield the acetonide amide (IV). The condensation of amide (IV) with (S)-(+)-glycidyl p-toluenesulfonate (V) in the presence of lithium hexamethyldisylazide (LHS) affords the chiral epoxide (VI), which is condensed with 4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-tert-butylpiperazine-2(S)-carboxamide (VII) in refluxing isopropyl acetate and deprotected with aqueous HCl to give the dihydroxy-diamide (VIII). Finally, this compound is condensed with 3-(chloromethyl)pyridine (IX) by means of triethylamine in DMF. 2) The amide (IV) can also be alkylated with allyl bromide and butyllithium to the pentenyl amide (X), which is diastereoselectively converted to the chiral iodohydrine (XI) by means of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS). Finally, this compound is cyclized in basic medium, yielding the epoxide (VI), already obtained.

1 Maligres, P.E.; Upadhyay, V.; Rossen, K.; Cianciosi, S.J.; Purick, R.M.; Eng, K.K.; Reamer, R.A.; Askin, D.; Volante, R.P.; Reider, P.J.; Diastereoselective syn-epoxidation of 2-alkyl-4-enamides to epoxyamides: Synthesis of the Merck HIV-1 protease inhibitor epoxide intermediate. Tetrahedron Lett 1995, 36, 13, 2195-8.
2 Mealy, N.; Castaner, J.; Indinavir Sulfate. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 6, 600.
3 Askin, D.; Volante, R.P.; Eng, K.K. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Process for making HIV protease inhibitors. WO 9502584 .
4 Verhoeven, T.R.; Roberts, E.F.; Senanayake, C.H.; Ryan, K.M. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Regiospecific processes to make cis-1-amino-2-alkanol from diol or halohydrin. US 5449830 .
5 Askin, D.; Eng, K.K.; Rossen, K.; Purick, R.M.; Wells, K.M.; Volante, R.P.; Reider, P.J.; Highly diastereoselective reaction of a chiral, non-racemic amide enolate with (S)-glycidyl tosylate. Synthesis of the orally active HIV-1 protease inhibitor L-735,524. Tetrahedron Lett 1994, 35, 5, 673-6.
6 Dorsey, B.D.; Levin, R.B.; McDaniel, S.L.; et al.; L-735,524: The design of a potent and orally bioavailable HIV protease inhibitor. J Med Chem 1994, 37, 21, 3443-51.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
11463 3-Bromo-1-propene; 3-Bromopropene;allyl bromide 106-95-6 C3H5Br 详情 详情
17354 isopropenyl methyl ether; 2-methoxy-1-propene 116-11-0 C4H8O 详情 详情
(I) 16238 (1S,2R)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-1,2-diol 67528-22-7 C9H10O2 详情 详情
(II) 16239 (1S,2R)-1-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol; Cis-(1S)-1-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol 126456-43-7 C9H11NO 详情 详情
(III) 16240 3-phenylpropanoyl chloride; Hydrocinnamoylchloride 645-45-4 C9H9ClO 详情 详情
(IV) 16241 1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-3-phenyl-1-propanone C21H23NO2 详情 详情
(V) 16242 (2R)oxiranylmethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate; (2R)-(-)-Glycidyl tosylate 113826-06-5 C10H12O4S 详情 详情
(VI) 16243 (2R)-1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-2-benzyl-3-[(2S)oxiranyl]-1-propanone C24H27NO3 详情 详情
(VII) 16244 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate 150323-35-6 C14H27N3O3 详情 详情
(VIII) 16245 (2S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino]-5-oxopentyl)-N-(tert-butyl)-2-piperazinecarboxamide C30H42N4O4 详情 详情
(IX) 15793 3-(Chloromethyl)pyridine 3099-31-8 C6H6ClN 详情 详情
(X) 16247 (2S)-1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-2-benzyl-4-penten-1-one C24H27NO2 详情 详情
(XI) 16248 (2R,4S)-1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-2-benzyl-4-hydroxy-5-iodo-1-pentanone C24H28INO3 详情 详情

合成路线2

3) The alkylation of 5(S)-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-one (XII) by means of benzyl bromide (XIII) and lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) gives the corresponding 3(R)-benzyl derivative (XIV), which is deprotected with aqueous HF, yielding the hydroxymethyl compound (XV). The esterification of (XV) with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride affords the corresponding triflate (XVI), which is condensed with the chiral piperazine (VII) by means of diisopropylethylamine in isopropanol, giving the substituted furanone (XVII). Ring opening of the furanone (XVII) with LiOH, DME and imidazole yields the substituted hydroxypentanamide (XVIII), which is protected with tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride to afford the protected amide (XIX). The trans-amidation of (XIX) with 2-hydroxyindan-1-amine (II) by means of 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDC) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) in DMF gives the protected dihydroxy diamide (XX), which is deprotected with trimethylsilyl triflate, affording the dihydroxy diamide (VII), already obtained. This compound is then alkylated with 3-(chloromethyl)pyridine (IX) as before.

1 Mealy, N.; Castaner, J.; Indinavir Sulfate. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 6, 600.
2 Vacca, J.P.; Holloway, M.K.; Dorsey, B.D.; Hungate, R.W.; Guare, J.P. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0541168; JP 1993279337; WO 9309096 .
3 Vacca, J.P.; Guare, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors in pharmaceutical combinations for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0617968; JP 1996508496; WO 9422480 .
4 Vacca, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Guare, J.P.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W.; Levin, R.B. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0696277; JP 1996509980; US 5413999; WO 9426717 .
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(II) 16239 (1S,2R)-1-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol; Cis-(1S)-1-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol 126456-43-7 C9H11NO 详情 详情
(VII) 16244 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate 150323-35-6 C14H27N3O3 详情 详情
(VIII) 16245 (2S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino]-5-oxopentyl)-N-(tert-butyl)-2-piperazinecarboxamide C30H42N4O4 详情 详情
(IX) 15793 3-(Chloromethyl)pyridine 3099-31-8 C6H6ClN 详情 详情
(XII) 16249 (5S)-5-([[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]methyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone C11H22O3Si 详情 详情
(XIII) 12912 1-(Bromomethyl)benzene; Alpha-bromotoluene 100-39-0 C7H7Br 详情 详情
(XIV) 16251 (3R,5S)-3-benzyl-5-([[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]methyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone C18H28O3Si 详情 详情
(XV) 16252 (3R,5S)-3-benzyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone C12H14O3 详情 详情
(XVI) 16253 [(2S,4R)-4-benzyl-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furanyl]methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate C13H13F3O5S 详情 详情
(XVII) 16254 tert-butyl (3S)-4-[[(2S,4R)-4-benzyl-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furanyl]methyl]-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate C26H39N3O5 详情 详情
(XVIII) 16255 tert-butyl (3S)-4-[(2S,4R)-5-amino-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-oxopentyl]-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate C26H42N4O5 详情 详情
(XIX) 16256 tert-butyl (3S)-4-((2S,4R)-5-amino-4-benzyl-2-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-5-oxopentyl)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C32H56N4O5Si 详情 详情
(XX) 16257 tert-butyl (3S)-4-((2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-5-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino]-5-oxopentyl)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C41H64N4O6Si 详情 详情
(XXI) 16258 tert-butyl (3S)-4-((2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino]-5-oxopentyl)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C35H50N4O6 详情 详情

合成路线3

4) The condensation of the chiral piperazine (VII) with (S)-(+)-glycicyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate (XXII) by means of diisopropylethylamine in DMF [or with (S)-glycidol (XXIII), tosyl chloride and NaH] gives the epoxide (XXIV), which is condensed with the propionamide (IV) by means of butyllithium in THF, yielding the protected hydroxyamide (XXV). The deprotection of (XXV) with aqueous HCl affords the dihydroxy-diamide (VIII), already obtained, which is finally alkylated with 3-(chloromethyl)pyridine (IX) as before.

1 Mealy, N.; Castaner, J.; Indinavir Sulfate. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 6, 600.
2 Askin, D.; Reider, P.; Rossen, K.; Varsolona, R.J.; Wells, K.M. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Process for making HIV protease inhibitors. WO 9502583 .
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(IV) 16241 1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-3-phenyl-1-propanone C21H23NO2 详情 详情
(VII) 16244 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate 150323-35-6 C14H27N3O3 详情 详情
(VIII) 16245 (2S)-1-((2S,4R)-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]amino]-5-oxopentyl)-N-(tert-butyl)-2-piperazinecarboxamide C30H42N4O4 详情 详情
(IX) 15793 3-(Chloromethyl)pyridine 3099-31-8 C6H6ClN 详情 详情
(XXII) 16259 (2S)oxiranylmethyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate; (S)-(+)-Glycidyl nosylate 115314-14-2 C9H9NO6S 详情 详情
(XXIII) 16260 (R)-(+)-Glycidol; (2R)-Oxiranemethanol; (2R)oxiranylmethanol 57044-25-4 C3H6O2 详情 详情
(XXIV) 16261 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-4-[(2R)oxiranylmethyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate C17H31N3O4 详情 详情
(XXV) 16262 tert-butyl (3S)-4-[(2S,4R)-5-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-oxopentyl]-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C38H54N4O6 详情 详情

合成路线4

5) The double bond of the pentenylamide (X) (as obtained in Scheme 1) is oxidized with OsO4 and N-methylmorpholine N-oxide in tert-butanol/water to give the 4(R,S),5-dihydroxy-compound (XXVI), which is esterified selectively with methanesulfonyl chloride, yielding the terminal monomesylate (XXVII). The condensation of (XXVII) with the chiral piperazine (VII) by means of K2CO3 in hot isopropanol yields the condensation product (XXVIII) with the (R,S)-configuration at the 4-OH group. The optical resolution of this 4-OH group with (S)-(+)-camphosulfonic acid affords the protected hydroxy-amide (XXV), already obtained in Scheme 19918303a.

1 Mealy, N.; Castaner, J.; Indinavir Sulfate. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 6, 600.
2 Vacca, J.P.; Guare, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors in pharmaceutical combinations for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0617968; JP 1996508496; WO 9422480 .
3 Vacca, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Guare, J.P.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W.; Levin, R.B. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0696277; JP 1996509980; US 5413999; WO 9426717 .
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(VII) 16244 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate 150323-35-6 C14H27N3O3 详情 详情
(X) 16247 (2S)-1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-2-benzyl-4-penten-1-one C24H27NO2 详情 详情
(XXV) 16262 tert-butyl (3S)-4-[(2S,4R)-5-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-oxopentyl]-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C38H54N4O6 详情 详情
(XXVI) 16263 (2R)-1-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-2-benzyl-4,5-dihydroxy-1-pentanone C24H29NO4 详情 详情
(XXVII) 16264 (4R)-5-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-oxopentyl methanesulfonate C25H31NO6S 详情 详情
(XXVIII) 16265 tert-butyl (3S)-4-[(4R)-5-[(3aS,8aR)-2,2-dimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-2H-indeno[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-3(3aH)-yl]-4-benzyl-2-hydroxy-5-oxopentyl]-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylate C38H54N4O6 详情 详情

合成路线5

6) The chiral piperazine (VII) can be obtained by several different ways: 6a) The sequential protection of piperazine-2(S)-carboxylic acid (XXIX) gives 1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazine-2(S)-carboxylic acid (XXX), which is condensed with tert-butylamine by means of EDC and HOBt to afford the tert-butylamide (XXXI). Finally, this compound is selectively deprotected by hydrogenation with H2 over Pd/C in methanol, yielding the chiral piperazine (VII). 6b) The partial hydrogenation of N-tert-butylpyrazine-2-carboxamide (XXXII) with H2 over Pd/C gives the tetrahydro derivative (XXXIII), which is sequentially protected as usual to the 1-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrazin e -2-carboxamide (XXXIV). Finally, this compound is hydrogenated using the chiral catalyst [R-BINAP(COD)Rh]OTf to afford the chiral piperazine (XXXI), already obtained. 6c) The N-tert-butylpyrazine-2-carboxamide (XXXII) is fully reduced with H2 over Pd/C in propanol, giving the racemic N-tert-butylpiperazine-2-carboxamide (XXXV), which is submitted to optical resolution with (S)-(+)-camphosulfonic acid, yielding the (S)-isomer (XXXVI), which is then selectively protected with tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride to give the desired chiral amide (VII).

1 Mealy, N.; Castaner, J.; Indinavir Sulfate. Drugs Fut 1996, 21, 6, 600.
2 Rossen, K.; Weissman, S.A.; Sager, J.; Reamer, R.A.; Askin, D.; Volante, R.P.; Reider, P.J.; Asymmetric hydrogenation of tetrahydropyrazines: Synthesis of (S)-piperazine-2-tert-butylcarboxamide, an intermediate in the preparation of the HIV protease inhibitor indinavir. Tetrahedron Lett 1995, 36, 36, 6419-22.
3 Vacca, J.P.; Guare, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors in pharmaceutical combinations for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0617968; JP 1996508496; WO 9422480 .
4 Vacca, J.P.; Dorsey, B.D.; Guare, J.P.; Holloway, M.K.; Hungate, R.W.; Levin, R.B. (Merck & Co., Inc.); HIV protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of AIDS. EP 0696277; JP 1996509980; US 5413999; WO 9426717 .
5 Askin, D.; Reider, P.; Rossen, K.; Varsolona, R.J.; Wells, K.M. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Process for making HIV protease inhibitors. WO 9502583 .
6 Verhoeven, T.R.; Roberts, E.F.; Senanayake, C.H.; Ryan, K.M. (Merck & Co., Inc.); Regiospecific processes to make cis-1-amino-2-alkanol from diol or halohydrin. US 5449830 .
7 Dorsey, B.D.; Levin, R.B.; McDaniel, S.L.; et al.; L-735,524: The design of a potent and orally bioavailable HIV protease inhibitor. J Med Chem 1994, 37, 21, 3443-51.
8 Askin, D.; Eng, K.K.; Rossen, K.; Purick, R.M.; Wells, K.M.; Volante, R.P.; Reider, P.J.; Highly diastereoselective reaction of a chiral, non-racemic amide enolate with (S)-glycidyl tosylate. Synthesis of the orally active HIV-1 protease inhibitor L-735,524. Tetrahedron Lett 1994, 35, 5, 673-6.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(VII) 16244 tert-butyl (3S)-3-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1(2H)-pyrazinecarboxylate 150323-35-6 C14H27N3O3 详情 详情
(XXIX) 16266 (2S)-hexahydro-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid; (S)-Piperazine-2-carboxylic acid C5H10N2O2 详情 详情
(XXX) 16267 (2S)-1-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)hexahydro-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid C18H24N2O6 详情 详情
(XXXI) 16268 1-benzyl 4-(tert-butyl) (2S)-2-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]tetrahydro-1,4-pyrazinedicarboxylate C22H33N3O5 详情 详情
(XXXII) 16269 N-(tert-butyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide 121885-10-7 C9H13N3O 详情 详情
(XXXIII) 16270 N-(tert-butyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-pyrazinecarboxamide C9H17N3O 详情 详情
(XXXIV) 16271 4-benzyl 1-(tert-butyl) 5-[(tert-butylamino)carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,4-pyrazinedicarboxylate C22H31N3O5 详情 详情
(XXXV) 16272 N-(tert-butyl)-2-piperazinecarboxamide; Piperazine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butylamide C9H19N3O 详情 详情
(XXXVI) 16273 (2S)-N-(tert-butyl)hexahydro-2-pyrazinecarboxamide C9H19N3O 详情 详情
Extended Information