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【结 构 式】 
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【药物名称】Ruxolitinib；INC-424；INCB-18424;INCB-018424 【化学名称】3(R)-3-Cyclopentyl-3-[4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]propanenitrile 【CA登记号】941678-49-5 【 分 子 式 】C17H18N6 【 分 子 量 】306.369 |
【开发单位】Incyte Corp. (US); licensed to Novartis for outside the U.S 【药理作用】Tyrosine-Protein Kinase JAK1/2 Inhibitor;Treatment of Myelofibrosis;Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms;Treatment of Psoriasis |
合成路线1
N-Protection of 4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (I) with either 2-(trimethylsilyl) ethoxymethyl chloride (SEM-Cl) in DMA or pivaloyloxymethyl chloride (POM-Cl) in THF in the presence of NaH yields the protected deazapurines (IIa) and (IIb) , respectively, which by Suzuki coupling with pinacol 1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-4-pyrazolylboronate (III) by means of Pd(PPh3)4 and K2CO3, followed by acidic hydrolysis of the ethoxyethyl group, affords the respective pyrazolyl deazapurines (Va) and (Vb) . Alternatively, intermediate (Va) can be obtained by Suzuki coupling of deazapurine (IIa) with unprotected pyrazolylboronate (IV) by means of Pd(PPh3)4 and K2CO3 in DMF/H2O at 125 °C . Michael addition of pyrazole derivative (Va) to 3-cyclopentylacrylonitrile (VI) (obtained by Wittig condensation of cyclopentylcarboxaldehyde [VII] with diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate [VIII] by means of t-BuOK in THF) in the presence of DBU in acetonitrile, followed by resolution using chiral preparative HPLC, provides the desired (R)-adduct (IXa) . Alternatively, in an enantioselective procedure, asymmetric aza-Michael reaction of (Va) or (Vb) with (E)-3-cyclopentylacrylaldehyde (X) in the presence of p-nitrobenzoic acid (p-NBA) and a chiral diarylprolinol silyl ether in CHCl3 gives aldehydes (XIa) and (XIb), which by subsequent condensation with NH4OH, followed by oxidation of the intermediate imines with I2 in aqueous solution, leads to the corresponding nitriles (IXa) and (IXb) . Finally, ruxolitinib is obtained by deprotection of compound (IXa) by sequential treatment with LiBF4 in refluxing acetonitrile/H2O followed by aqueous NH4OH , or with TFA in CH2Cl2 and subsequent basification of obtained TFA salt with ethylenediamine (EDA) in MeOH , or by deprotection of compound (IXb) by treatment with NaOH in MeOH/H2O .
In an alternative strategy, ruxolitinib can be directly obtained by Suzuki coupling of unprotected 4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (I) with the pyrazolylboronate (XII) in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 and K2CO3 in 1,4-dioxane/H2O at 100 °C .
| 【1】 Lin, Q., Meloni, D., Pan, Y. et al. Enantioselective synthesis of Janus kinase inhibitor INCB018424 via an organocatalytic aza-Michael reaction. Org Lett 2009, 11(9): 1999-2002. |
| 【2】 Rodgers, J.D., Shepard, S., Maduskuie, T.P. Jr. et al. (Incyte Corp.). Heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidines as Janus kinase inhibitors. US 20090181959. |
| 【3】 Rodgers, J.D., Shepard, S., Maduskuie, T.P. Jr. et al. (Incyte Corp.). Heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidines as Janus kinase inhibitors. CA 2632466, EP 1966202, JP 2009519340, US 2007135461, US 7598257, WO 2007070514. |
| 【4】 Friedman, P.A., Fridman, J.S., Luchi, M.E., Williams, W.V. (Incyte Corp.). Janus kinase inhibitors for treatment of dry eye and other eye related diseases. WO 2010039939. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (IIa) | 68079 | 4-chloro-7-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | C12H18ClN3OSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IIb) | 69168 | C6H3ClN3.POM | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (Va) | 68072 | 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | C15H21N5OSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (Vb) | 69169 | C9H6N5.POM | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (IXa) | 69172 | (R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile | C23H32N6OSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IXb) | 69175 | C17H17N6.POM | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (XIa) | 69173 | (R)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(7-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propanal | C23H33N5O2Si | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIb) | 69174 | C17H18N5O.POM | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (I) | 60046 | 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine；6-Chloro-7-deazapurine；4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine；4-Chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 3680-69-1 | C6H4ClN3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (III) | 68071 | 1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole | C13H23BN2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (IV) | 68081 | 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole | C9H15BN2O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VI) | 69170 | cyclopentylcarboxaldehyde;3-cyclopentyl-2-Propenenitrile | 591769-05-0 | C8H11N | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VII) | 69171 | cyclopentylcarboxaldehyde；Cyclopentanecarbaldehyde;Cyclopentanealdehyde;Cyclopentyl aldehyde;Cyclopentylformaldehyde;Formylcyclopentane | 872-53-7 | C6H10O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (VIII) | 10045 | Diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate | 2537-48-6 | C6H12NO3P | 详情 | 详情 |
| (X) | 69176 | (E)-3-cyclopentylacrylaldehyde | C8H12O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 69177 | (S)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile | C17H26BN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线2
Intermediate (III) is prepared by protection of either 4-iodopyrazole (XIIIa) or 4-bromopyrazole (XIIIb) with ethyl vinyl ether (XIV) by means of HCl in toluene or CH2Cl2 to give the corresponding (1-ethoxyethyl)pyrazoles (XVa) and (XVb). Finally, pyrazole (XVa) is submitted to metal-halogen exchange by means of i-PrMgCl in THF, followed by condensation with isopropyl pinacol borate (XVI) (obtained by reaction of pinacol [XVII] with triisopropyl borate at reflux), or pyrazole (XVb) is condensed with methyl pinacol borate (XVIII) by means of i-PrMgCl·LiCl in THF .
| 【1】 Lin, Q., Meloni, D., Pan, Y. et al. Enantioselective synthesis of Janus kinase inhibitor INCB018424 via an organocatalytic aza-Michael reaction. Org Lett 2009, 11(9): 1999-2002. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (XIIIa) | 69178 | 4-iodopyrazole;4-Iodo-1H-pyrazole | 3469-69-0 | C3H3IN2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XIIIb) | 69179 | C3H3BrN2 | 详情 | 详情 | ||
| (XVa) | 69180 | 1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-4-iodo-1H-pyrazole | C7H11IN2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XVb) | 69181 | 4-bromo-1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-1H-pyrazole | C7H11BrN2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (III) | 68071 | 1-(1-ethoxyethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole | C13H23BN2O3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIV) | 18762 | 1-Ethoxyethylene; Ethyl vinyl ether；Ethoxyethene | 109-92-2 | C4H8O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVI) | 67808 | Isopropyl pinacolyl borate;Isopropoxyboronic acid pinacol ester;2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane | 61676-62-8 | C9H19BO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVII) | 68108 | 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-butanediol;2,3-Dimethylbutane-2,3-diol;Tetramethylethylene glycol;pinacol | 76-09-5 | C6H14O2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XVIII) | 69182 | Methoxyboronic acid pinacol ester;2-methoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane | 1195-66-0 | C7H15BO3 | 详情 | 详情 |
合成路线3
Intermediates (X) and (XII) are prepared by Wittig olefination of cyclopentylcarboxaldehyde (VII) with (triphenylphosphoranylidene)-acetaldehyde (XIX) in benzene at 80 °C, followed by preparative HPLC separation to yield (E)-3-cyclopentylacrylaldehyde (X), which upon asymmetric aza-Michael reaction with 4-bromopyrazole (XIIIa) by means of a chiral catalyst and p-NBA in THF/H2O gives the Michael adduct (XX). Then, aldehyde (XX) is treated with NH4OH and I2 in 1,4-dioxane/H2O to give nitrile (XXI), which is finally reacted with bis(pinacolato)diboron (XXII) in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 and KOAc in 1,4-dioxane at 120 °C .
| 【1】 Lin, Q., Meloni, D., Pan, Y. et al. Enantioselective synthesis of Janus kinase inhibitor INCB018424 via an organocatalytic aza-Michael reaction. Org Lett 2009, 11(9): 1999-2002. |
| 中间体序号 | 中间体编号 | 品名 | CAS号 | 分子式 | 供应商 | 用于合成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (XIIIa) | 69178 | 4-iodopyrazole;4-Iodo-1H-pyrazole | 3469-69-0 | C3H3IN2 | 详情 | 详情 |
| (B) | 69184 | 2-(bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)pyrrolidine | C27H29F12NOSi | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (VII) | 69171 | cyclopentylcarboxaldehyde；Cyclopentanecarbaldehyde;Cyclopentanealdehyde;Cyclopentyl aldehyde;Cyclopentylformaldehyde;Formylcyclopentane | 872-53-7 | C6H10O | 详情 | 详情 |
| (X) | 69176 | (E)-3-cyclopentylacrylaldehyde | C8H12O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XII) | 69177 | (S)-3-cyclopentyl-3-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propanenitrile | C17H26BN3O2 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XIX) | 69183 | Triphenyl phosphine;Triphenyl phosphorous;(triphenylphosphoranylidene)-acetaldehyde | 2136-75-6 | C18H15PO | 详情 | 详情 |
| (XX) | 69185 | (R)-3-(4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-cyclopentylpropanal | C11H15BrN2O | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXI) | 69186 | (R)-3-(4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-cyclopentylpropanenitrile | C11H14BrN3 | 详情 | 详情 | |
| (XXII) | 53342 | 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-Octamethyl-2,2'-bi-1,3,2-dioxaborolane; Bis(pinacolato)diboron; Diboron pinacol ester | 73183-34-3 | C12H24B2O4 | 详情 | 详情 |