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【结 构 式】

【药物名称】Ceftibuten, Sch-39720, 7432-S, Ceprifran, Keimax, Isocef, Cedax, Seftem

【化学名称】(6R,7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxy-2-butenoylamino]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid
      (+)-(6R,7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)-4-carboxycrotonamido]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-2-carboxylic acid

【CA登记号】97519-39-6, 97518-16-6 (diNa salt), 97519-41-0 (monoHCl)

【 分 子 式 】C15H14N4O6S2

【 分 子 量 】410.43003

【开发单位】Shionogi (Originator), Biovail (Marketer), Essex (Licensee), Juste (Licensee), Recordati (Licensee), Schering-Plough (Licensee)

【药理作用】Antibiotics, ANTIINFECTIVE THERAPY, Cephalosporins

合成路线1

The condensation of 2-[2-(benzoyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-yl]-4-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2-butenoic acid (I) with 7beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid diphenylmethyl ester (II) by means of mesyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride or thionyl chloride in basic medium and dichloromethane as solvent gives the protected derivative of the desired product (III), which is then treated with AlCl3 and anisole and acidified with diluted HCl.

1 Hamashima, Y. (Shionogi & Co. Ltd.); 7-Carboxyalkenoylamido-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid derivs.. EP 0136721; ES 8604602; ES 8605278; ES 8700222; GB 2154580; GB 2198727; JP 1985078987; JP 1985163884; JP 1985246388; US 4634697; US 4748170 .
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(I) 22689 (Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoic acid C23H20N2O6S 详情 详情
(II) 22690 benzyl (7R)-7-amino-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C14H14N2O3S 详情 详情
(III) 22691 benzyl (7R)-7-[[(Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoyl]amino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C37H32N4O8S2 详情 详情

合成路线2

Synthesis of intermediate (I): 1a) Dimethyl acetonedicarboxylate (IV) is treated with MgCl2 and triethylamine, giving the corresponding magnesium complex (V), which by cyclocondensation with chloroacetyl chloride and thiourea yields methyl 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-4-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-butenoate (VI). The reduction of (VI) with NaBH4 affords dimethyl 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxyglutarate (VII), which by successive treatments with benzyloxycarbonyl chloride (to protect the amino group), and with mesyl chloride - triethylamine (to dehydrate the OH group) is converted to methyl 2-[2 (benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-y]-4-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-butenoate (VIII). The hydrolysis of (VIII) with aqueous NaOH in toluene gives the corresponding diacid (IX), which is selectively esterified with benzyl alcohol in acidic medium yielding (I). 1b) The reaction of methyl 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetate (X) with beozyloxycarbonyl chloride and NaHCO3 gives the protected compound (XI), which is condensed with methyl 3-methoxyacrylate (XII) by means of sodium methoxide in DMF to yield dimethyl ester (VIII), already obtained.

1 Yoshioka, M.; Synthetic studies related to oral beta-lactam antibiotics. Pure Appl Chem 1987, 59, 8, 1041.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
10180 Thiourea 62-56-6 CH4N2S 详情 详情
11296 2-Chloroacetyl chloride; Chloroacetic chloride 79-04-9 C2H2Cl2O 详情 详情
(I) 22689 (Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoic acid C23H20N2O6S 详情 详情
(IV) 22692 dimethyl 3-oxopentanedioate 1830-54-2 C7H10O5 详情 详情
(V) 22693 Bis(3-Hydroxy-2-pentenoic acid dimethyl ester) magnesium salt C14H18MgO10 详情 详情
(VI) 22694 dimethyl (E)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-2-pentenedioate C10H12N2O5S 详情 详情
(VII) 22695 dimethyl 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxypentanedioate C10H14N2O5S 详情 详情
(VIII) 22696 dimethyl (Z)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-pentenedioate C18H18N2O6S 详情 详情
(IX) 22697 (Z)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-pentenedioic acid C16H14N2O6S 详情 详情
(X) 22698 methyl 2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetate 64987-16-2 C6H8N2O2S 详情 详情
(XI) 22699 methyl 2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetate C14H14N2O4S 详情 详情
(XII) 22700 methyl (E)-3-methoxy-2-propenoate 34846-90-7 C5H8O3 详情 详情

合成路线3

Synthesis of intermediate (I): 1c) The bromination of diketene (XIII) followed by reaction with diphenylmethanol gives diphenylmethyl 4-bromoacetoacetate (XIV), which by cyclization with thiourea by means of K2CO3 yields diphenylmethyl 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetate (XV). The reaction of (XV) with benzyloxycarbonyl chloride and pyridine affords the protected compound (XVI), which is formylated with diphenyl methyl formiate (XVII) and NaH to afford diphenyl methyl 2-(2-benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-yl-3-hydroxyacrylate (XVIII) The Wittig condensation of (XVIII) with benzyl triphenylphosphoranylidene acetate (XIX) gives diphenylmethyl 2-[2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-yl]-4-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2-butenoate (XX), which is selectively hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid and anisole lo acid.

1 Yoshioka, M.; Synthetic studies related to oral beta-lactam antibiotics. Pure Appl Chem 1987, 59, 8, 1041.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
10180 Thiourea 62-56-6 CH4N2S 详情 详情
(I) 22689 (Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoic acid C23H20N2O6S 详情 详情
(XIII) 11367 4-Methylene-2-oxetanone; Acetyl ketene 674-82-8 C4H4O2 详情 详情
(XIV) 22715 benzhydryl 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoate C17H15BrO3 详情 详情
(XV) 22716 benzhydryl 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylate C17H14N2O2S 详情 详情
(XVI) 22717 benzhydryl 2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylate C25H20N2O4S 详情 详情
(XVII) 22718 benzhydryl formate C14H12O2 详情 详情
(XVIII) 22719 benzhydryl (Z)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-2-propenoate C27H22N2O5S 详情 详情
(XIX) 22668 benzyl 2-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetate C27H23O2P 详情 详情
(XX) 22721 1-benzhydryl 5-benzyl (Z)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-pentenedioate C36H30N2O6S 详情 详情

合成路线4

Synthesis of intermediate (II): 2) The esterification of penicillin G (XXI) with diphenylmetbanol and pyridine gives the corresponding ester (XXII), which is oxidized with H2O2 and formic acid to the sulfoxide (XXIII). The reaction of (XXIII) with trimethyl phosphite in refluxing toluene yields the bicyclic thiazoline (XXIV), which is ozonolyzed with O3 in methanol dichloromethane affording the enol (XXV). The condensation of (XXV) with morpholine by means of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in THF gives the enamine (XXVI), which by bromination with Br2 in pyridine and hydrolysis with H2SO4 in aqueous methanol is converted to diphenylmethyl 7beta-(phenylacetylamino)-3-hydroxy 3-cephem 4-carboxylate (XXVIII) through the intermediate (XXVII).

1 Yoshioka, M.; Synthetic studies related to oral beta-lactam antibiotics. Pure Appl Chem 1987, 59, 8, 1041.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(XXI) 22722 (2S)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid C16H18N2O4S 详情 详情
(XXII) 22723 benzhydryl (2S)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate C29H28N2O4S 详情 详情
(XXIII) 22724 benzhydryl (2S)-3,3-dimethyl-4,7-dioxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4lambda(4)-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate C29H28N2O5S 详情 详情
(XXIV) 22725 benzhydryl 2-(3-benzyl-7-oxo-4-thia-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-yl)-3-methyl-3-butenoate C29H26N2O3S 详情 详情
(XXV) 22726 benzhydryl (E)-2-(3-benzyl-7-oxo-4-thia-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-2-butenoate C28H24N2O4S 详情 详情
(XXVI) 22727 benzhydryl (E)-2-(3-benzyl-7-oxo-4-thia-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-yl)-3-(4-morpholinyl)-2-butenoate C32H31N3O4S 详情 详情
(XXVII) 22728 benzhydryl (E)-4-bromo-3-hydroxy-2-[(3R)-2-oxo-3-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4-sulfanylazetidinyl]-2-butenoate C28H25BrN2O5S 详情 详情
(XXVIII) 22729 benzhydryl (7R)-3-hydroxy-8-oxo-7-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C28H24N2O5S 详情 详情

合成路线5

Synthesis of intermediate (II): 2a) The hydrogenation of (XXVIII) with NaBH4 in methanol - dichloromethane yields the cepham derivative (XXIX), which by mesylation with mesyl chloride and hydrolysis with PCl5 and isobutanol is converted to diphenylmethyl 7beta-amino-3-(methanesulfonyloxy)cepham-4-carboxylate (XXX). Finally, this compound is treated with triethylamine or NaHCO3 to obtain the cephem derivative (II). 2b) The elimination of the OH group of (XXVIII) can also be performed by mesylation with mesyl chloride and hydrolysis with PCl5 and isobutanol to give diphenylmethyl 7beta-amino-3-(methanesulfonyloxy)-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (XXXI), which is then treated with Zn in acidic medium to yield cephem derivative (II).

1 Yoshioka, M.; Synthetic studies related to oral beta-lactam antibiotics. Pure Appl Chem 1987, 59, 8, 1041.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(II) 22690 benzyl (7R)-7-amino-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C14H14N2O3S 详情 详情
(XXVIII) 22729 benzhydryl (7R)-3-hydroxy-8-oxo-7-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C28H24N2O5S 详情 详情
(XXIX) 22730 benzhydryl (7R)-3-hydroxy-8-oxo-7-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C28H24N2O5S 详情 详情
(XXX) 22731 benzhydryl (2R,3R,7R)-7-amino-3-[[methyl(dimethylene)-lambda(6)-sulfanyl]oxy]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2-carboxylate C23H26N2O4S2 详情 详情
(XXXI) 22732 benzhydryl (7R)-7-amino-3-[[methyl(dimethylene)-lambda(6)-sulfanyl]oxy]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C23H24N2O4S2 详情 详情

合成路线6

The Wittig condensation of diphenylmethyl 2-[2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4 yl-2-formyl acetate with benzyloxycarbonylmethylene triphenylphosphorane (II) in toluene or dioxane gives 2-[2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-yl]-4 (benzyloxycarbonyl)-2-butenoic acid diphenylmethyl ester (III), which is hydrolyzed partiaily wth trifluoroacetic acid and anisole to the 2-butenoic acid (IV). The condensation of (IV) with 7-beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid benzyl ester (V) by means of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in dichloromethane affords the protected final product (VI), which is finally debenzylated by means of AlCl3 and anisole in methylene chloride.

1 Yoshida, T.; Synthesis and biological properties of 7Beta-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazoyl)-4-carboxy-2-butenoylamino]-3-cephem-4-carboxilic acid (7432-S), a new oral cephem antibiotic. J Antibiot 1987, 40, 10, 1468.
2 Hamashima, Y. (Shionogi & Co. Ltd.); 7-Carboxyalkenoylamido-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid derivs.. EP 0136721; ES 8604602; ES 8605278; ES 8700222; GB 2154580; GB 2198727; JP 1985078987; JP 1985163884; JP 1985246388; US 4634697; US 4748170 .
3 Castaner, J.; Prous, J.; 7432-S. Drugs Fut 1987, 12, 12, 1117.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(I) 24153 benzhydryl 2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3-oxopropanoate C27H22N2O5S 详情 详情
(II) 22668 benzyl 2-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetate C27H23O2P 详情 详情
(III) 22721 1-benzhydryl 5-benzyl (Z)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-pentenedioate C36H30N2O6S 详情 详情
(IV) 22689 (Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoic acid C23H20N2O6S 详情 详情
(V) 24157 benzyl (6R,7R)-7-amino-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C14H14N2O3S 详情 详情
(VI) 24158 benzyl (6R,7R)-7-[[(Z)-5-(benzyloxy)-2-(2-[[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-5-oxo-2-pentenoyl]amino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate C37H32N4O8S2 详情 详情

合成路线7

The fermentation of cephalosporin C (I) with immobilized Rhodoturula gracilis gives 3-(acetoxymethyl)-7(R)-(glutaroylamino)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (II), which is oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxide (III). The electrochemical reduction of (II) yields the exo-methylene derivative (IV), which is esterified with diphenyldiazomethane to afford the diphenylmethyl diester (V). The ozonolysis of (V) provides the enol (VI), which is reduced with NaBH4 to the secondary alcohol (VII). The reaction of (VII) with Ms-Cl and TEA gives the mesylate (VIII), which by treatment with DEA, yields the 3-cephem derivative (IX). The cleavage of the amido group of (IX) with PCl5 and pyridine affords 7(R)-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid diphenylmethyl ester (X).

1 Chai, D.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part IV. Pilot-plant scale electrochemical reduction of 3Acetoxymethyl-7(S)-glytaroylaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 178.
2 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Deftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part I. Process for the manufacture of 3-acetoxymethyl-7(R-glutaroylaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 152.
3 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part III. Process for the conversion of 3-exomethylene-7(S)-glytaroylaminocepham-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide to ceftibuten. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 169.
4 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of commerci I process B sed on ceph losporin C. Part II. Process for the Manufacture of 3-exomethylene-7(R)-glutaroyllaminoceph m-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 158.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(I) 55349 (1S,8R)-4-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-8-{[(5R)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]amino}-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylic acid C17H22N2O8S 详情 详情
(II) 55350 (1S,8R)-4-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-8-[(4-carboxybutanoyl)amino]-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylic acid C16H19NO8S 详情 详情
(III) 55351 (1S,8R)-4-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-8-[(4-carboxybutanoyl)amino]-2,7-dioxo-2lambda~4~-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylic acid C16H19NO9S 详情 详情
(IV) 55352 (1S,8R)-8-[(4-carboxybutanoyl)amino]-4-methylene-2,7-dioxo-2lambda~4~-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-5-carboxylic acid C14H17NO7S 详情 详情
(V) 55353 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-{[5-(benzhydryloxy)-5-oxopentanoyl]amino}-4-methylene-2,7-dioxo-2lambda~4~-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-5-carboxylate C40H37NO7S 详情 详情
(VI) 55354 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-{[5-(benzhydryloxy)-5-oxopentanoyl]amino}-4-hydroxy-2,7-dioxo-2lambda~4~-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylate C39H35NO8S 详情 详情
(VII) 55355 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-{[5-(benzhydryloxy)-5-oxopentanoyl]amino}-4-hydroxy-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-5-carboxylate C39H37NO7S 详情 详情
(VIII) 55356 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-{[5-(benzhydryloxy)-5-oxopentanoyl]amino}-4-{[methyl(dimethylene)-lambda~6~-sulfanyl]oxy}-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-5-carboxylate C42H43NO7S2 详情 详情
(IX) 55357 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-{[5-(benzhydryloxy)-5-oxopentanoyl]amino}-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylate C39H35NO6S 详情 详情
(X) 55358 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-amino-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylate C21H19NO3S 详情 详情

合成路线8

The condensation of the 7(R)-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid diphenylmethyl ester (X) with 2-[2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)thiazol-4-yl]-4-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxycarbonyl)-2-butenoic acid (XI) by means of POCl3 and TEA gives the corresponding amide (XII), which is finally deprotected by means of AlCl3 and anisole to afford the target ceftibuten.

1 Chai, D.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part IV. Pilot-plant scale electrochemical reduction of 3Acetoxymethyl-7(S)-glytaroylaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 178.
2 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of commerci I process B sed on ceph losporin C. Part II. Process for the Manufacture of 3-exomethylene-7(R)-glutaroyllaminoceph m-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 158.
3 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Ceftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part III. Process for the conversion of 3-exomethylene-7(S)-glytaroylaminocepham-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide to ceftibuten. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 169.
4 Bernasconi, E.; et al.; Deftibuten: Development of a commercial process based on cephalosporin C. Part I. Process for the manufacture of 3-acetoxymethyl-7(R-glutaroylaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid 1(S)-oxide. Org Process Res Dev 2002, 6, 2, 152.
中间体序号 中间体编号 品名 CAS号 分子式 供应商 用于合成
(X) 55358 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-amino-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylate C21H19NO3S 详情 详情
(XI) 55359 (E)-2-(2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-5-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]-5-oxo-2-pentenoic acid C21H22N2O6S 详情 详情
(XII) 55360 benzhydryl (1S,8R)-8-({(E)-2-(2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-5-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]-5-oxo-2-pentenoyl}amino)-7-oxo-2-thiabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-ene-5-carboxylate C42H39N3O8S2 详情 详情
Extended Information